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Livelihood Dimensions of the Fishermen in Shibsa River of Bangladesh

Prosun Roy
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Zubyda Mushtari Nadia
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh and Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Shaharior Hossen
Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea and Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, 4 Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

Mir Mohammad Ali
Department of Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Ashif Mahmud
Department of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, 6 Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

Rana Haldar
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The Shibsa is a coastal river and livelihood of the fishing community is greatly influenced by tidal waves, surrounding environment and fish biodiversity in the river. A total of 150 fishermen were surveyed from February to December, 2019 at Paikgacha Upazila to study about their socio-economic condition. Among the respondents, most of them were 31 to 40 years old and Hindu (72%). Primary education was completed by 41% fishermen and 30.7% can sign only. In the sampled community shack, tin shaded house, half cemented house and full cemented house were observed and among them tin shade house (48.4%) was predominant. Only 4.4% was recognized as local leader on the community. Minimal consciousness regarding sanitation was observed among the fisher folk and only 8.6% household had cemented improved sanitary toilet. They suffer from various air and waterborne disease like fever, diarrhea, jaundice and typhoid and 38% fishermen were treated by village doctors who have no scientific knowledge on medicine. Most of the fishermen utilized tube-well water (91%) and 69.3% had access to electricity. Fulltime fishermen (62.8%) outnumbered seasonal fisher folk (37.2%). Therefore, fishing was main occupation of 71.5% respondents; though few were involved in various agricultural (21%), day laboring (5.5%) and other activities (2%) as their main occupation. Their annual income was not sufficient and majority (40.4%) earned 60, 000-75, 000 BDT annually. They cannot upgrade their mode of life and status in the society. So, they must be provided with economic supports as well as other incentives in sustainable manner which eventually will eliminate the rural poverty.

Keywords: Socio-economy, Correlation, Problem tree, Constrains, Coastal River

Location: Paikgachha Upazila, Khulna region, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-02-2019

End Date: 00-12-2019

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Livelihood

Objectives:

To observation of Livelihood Dimensions of the Fishermen in Shibsa River of Bangladesh

Methodology:

Study Area: The study was conducted at Paikgachha Upazila along the Shibsa River system where several unions were selected for the assessment locating in the South-Western region of Bangladesh. It is one of the most renowned rivers in Khulna region and inside the Sundarbans; it is connected with the Pasur River. Moreover, the study was carried out from February to December, 2019. Data Collection: Data collection was implemented based on observation and survey method and the survey was carried out using personal interview supplemented by multiple methodological Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools such as- Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Crosscheck Interviews (CI) with Key Informants (KI) [41]. Field surveys were used for the collection of primary data. For the confirmation of the secondary data, primary data was also used. A total 150 fishers of the Shibsa River were randomly selected and interviewed personally. Data on the social condition of the fishermen was collected using different survey indicators such as- age distribution religion status, family status, educational status, housing, social status, sanitation, diseases, treatment, drinking water facilities, communication, electricity, refrigerator and recreational facilities. On the other hand, for the assessment of economic condition, data on job related indicators such as- fishing experience, purpose of fishing, fishing type, fishermen type, fish preservation, selling process, main occupation, annual income, savings credit source, purpose of taking loan and training facilities were used. Journals, newspaper and textbooks were used as secondary source of information. Government and non-government organization also provided information. In this study, FGD was used to get an overview of the livelihood status and major problems of the target fishermen community. Twelve FGD sessions were conducted in open place and tea stall where each group consisted of 6 to 8 persons. After collecting the data through questionnaire interviews and FGD, crosscheck interviews were conducted with Fisheries Field Assistant and relevant local NGO workers at their office. Data Processing and Analysis: Collected data from various sources were entered into the computer using Microsoft Excel version 2013. Finally, the qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using MS-Excel and SPSS Software (version 16.00) then presented in textual, tabular graphical and hierarchy forms. Map of the study area was modified by Arc GIS software (Version 10.00).

Source of Information: World Applied Sciences Journal 38 (4): 287-301, 2020 ISSN 1818-4952

Article Link (Online Journal): IDOSI Publications, 2020; DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2020.287.301

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the surveyed fishermen did not have academic knowledge and so they were not interested to send their children to school. They were not aware of necessity of sanitation and proper disease treatment. Some fishers got little amount of financial support but finally they were failed to utilize that effectively and as a result, they remain poor and face social inferiority. The fisher folk of the Shibsa River had a treasure of intrinsic knowledge and supportive training in fishing will uplift their effectiveness. Moreover, for improving the socio-economic condition their problems should be eradicated from root level. To overcome the problems of the poor fishers, profound implementation of the fishing laws to conserve the river resources, effective extension service to create awareness regarding sustainable fishing, management of the Sundarbans forest, creating income generating activities, maintenance of market value chain, financial as well as training support from organizations and fishery cooperative are required. It is urgent to consider the perceptions of the fishing community during national policy making as their condition reflects the rural poverty.

Knowledge Management: Journal