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Effect of Organic and Synthetic Mulch on Soil Temperature, Nutrient Availability and Yield of Bottle Gourd (2018-19)

A.T.M.A.I. Mondol
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. K. Alam
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.J. Alam
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

N. Salahin
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

S. Akhter
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The field experiment was conducted on bottle gourd cv BARI lau- 4 at Central Research Farm, BARI, Gazipurduring rabi season of 2017-2018 & 2018-2019 to study the effect of organic and synthetic mulches on soil temperature, nutrient availability and yield of bottle gourd. Soil temperatures were differentially affected by the type of polyethylene mulch, with temperatures generally following the order: black polyethylene mulch>rice straw mulch>white polyethylene mulch. All plant growth characters, yield and yield contributing characters were superior with black polyethylene relative to grown without mulch (control). Treatment T₂ (black polyethylene mulch) resulted in increased single fruit weight (kg) of bottle gourd than control. Fruit yield was alsoincreased when grown in soils underblack polyethylene mulch. Black polyethylene mulch had 157% increase in yield per ha over control. The higher yield was associated with increased soil moisture and congenial temperature in the soil under black polyethylene. Black polyethylene mulch conserved increased soil moisture over control.The field experiment was conducted onbottle gourd cv BARI lau- 4 at Central Research Farm, BARI, Gazipurduring rabi season of 2017-2018 & 2018-2019 to study the effect of organic and synthetic mulches on soil temperature, nutrient availability and yield of bottle gourd. Soil temperatures were differentially affected by the type of polyethylene mulch, with temperatures generally following the order: black polyethylene mulch>rice straw mulch>white polyethylene mulch. All plant growth characters, yield and yield contributing characters were superior with black polyethylene relative to grown without mulch (control). Treatment T₂ (black polyethylene mulch) resulted in increased single fruit weight (kg) of bottle gourd than control. Fruit yield was alsoincreased when grown in soils underblack polyethylene mulch. Black polyethylene mulch had 157% increase in yield per ha over control. The higher yield was associated with increased soil moisture and congenial temperature in the soil under black polyethylene. Black polyethylene mulch conserved increased soil moisture over control.

Keywords: Synrhetic mulch, Organic mulch, Nutrient availability, Soil moisture, Bottle goard

Location: Central Research Farm, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mulching, Bottle gourd

Objectives:

To determine the effects of different mulches on soil temperature,
To observe the changes in soil moisture and trend of nutrient availability as governed by organic and synthetic mulches.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, BARI, Gazipur during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. There were twelve treatments i.e. T₁: Control, T₂: Black polyethylene mulch, T₃: white polyethylene mulch and T₄: Rice straw mulch. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications of each treatment. The seedlings grown in the poly pots in nursery were transferred to the field pits (30 × 30 × 30 cm) spaced 2.5 × 2.5m apart. While transplanting the seedlings, ball of soil surrounding the root system was kept intact to avoid root injury and to ensure proper growth of the seedlings in the pits after transplantation. One out of two to three healthy plants from each of the poly pot were transplanted. The seedlings were 20 days old when transplanted 17 December, 2017 and 2018. In case of failure of some seedling to establish well in the field pits after transplanting, due attention was given to replace the weaker seedlings with the healthier ones from the stock saved in the nursery thus filling the gapand variety used in the experiment was BARI lau-4. The recommended dose of NPKB @ of 230-80-150-0.3 kg ha^-1was used per STB (FRG, 2012). Cowdung @ 10 tons ha^-1was applied during final land preparation. All PB, ¹/₂ K and ¹/₅ N was incorporated into soil before sowing. The rest K and N was top dressed in four equal splits at 20 days interval after transplanting. After establishment of the seedlings, plants were mulched on 18January, 2018 & 2019. The experimental soil was clay loam, slightly acidic in nature (pH 6.1) with very low organic matter content (0.66%). Soil samples were collected from 0-15 cm soil depth from each plot and analyzed in the laboratory following standard methods. Soil samples for moisture content determination were collected from each plot, from sowing to harvesting of bottle gourd according to treatment. All intercultural operations were done as and when necessary to raise a healthy crop. Vines are allowed to given staking. Fruits are harvested when they are still tender and of marketable size. The harvesting was started on 03 March, 2018 & 2019. After collection of data, it was tabulate in proper form and subjected to statistical analysis with the help of computer package tested with DMRT. The initial results of some important soil physical and chemical properties were recoded.

Source of Information: Annual Report 2018-2019, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded that application of mulches over control is beneficial to farmers. Farmers can adopt black polythene mulches for production of pit crops like bottle gourd based on availability of mulch material and other priority criteria.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings