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Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Yield and Water Productivity of Different Maize Varieties in Southern Areas (2018–2019)

S. S. A. Kamar
Scientific Officer
RARS, Rahmatpur, Barishal

M. A. Hossain
Principal Scientific Officer & Head
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. S. Alom
Chief Scientific Officer
RARS, Rahmatpur, Barishal

M. M. H. Khan
Scientific Offier
RARS, Rahmatpur, Barishal

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barishal to determine the experimental evidence of the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water productivity of different maize varieties during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. The experiment consisted of five irrigation treatments, viz. Farmer's practice (I₁), Full irrigation at 20-25 days after sowing (DAS) (I₂), 50% irrigation at 20-25 and 50-60 DAS (I₃), 75% irrigation at 20-25, 50-60 and 75-80 DAS (I₄), 50% irrigation at 20-25, 50-60, 75-80 and 110-120 DAS (I₅). These irrigation treatments were tested on three maize varieties namely BHM-9 (V₁), BHM-7 (V₂) and NK-40 (V₃). The yield and yield contributing parameters were affected significantly by irrigation and variety. The treatment with 50% irrigation at 20-25, 50-60, 75-80 and 110-120 DAS produced the highest grain yield of 10.83 and 11.87 t/ha whereas the variety NK-40 produced the highest grain yield of 10.73 and 10.03 t/ha in 2018-19 and 2017-18, respectively. In the case of interaction treatments, the highest grain yield of 11.87 t/ha was obtained from I₅V₃ in years 2018-19 and the highest (11.17 t/ha) grain yield was observed in I₅V₂ treatment in the previous year. The average benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was observed highest (2.92) for I₃V₁ (50% irrigation both at initial and vegetative (20-25 DAS and 50-60 DAS) stages; BHM-9) treatment. The water productivity (WP) production was obtained highest for I₃(50 % irrigation both at initial and vegetative (20-25 DAS and 50-60 DAS) stages treatment 2.02 kg/m³and 2.73 kg/m³, respectively for first and second years, due to less irrigation water application whereas the lowest WP was observed at farmer's practice.

Keywords: Water productivity, Maize, Irrigation

Location: RARS, Rahmatpur, Barishal

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

• To investigate the affiliation between yield and water productivity of maize

• To study the interaction effect of five different levels of irrigation and three varieties on the yield and yield contributing characters of maize.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at RARS, Rahmatpur, Barishal during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to study the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water productivity of different maize varieties. The test crop was a different high-yielding variety of maize: BARI hybrid Maize 9 (BHM−9), BARI Hybrid Maize 7 (BHM−7) and NK-40. These varieties are popular due to their high yield potential and stress-tolerant characteristics. The recommended doses of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate, borc acid, cowdung at the rate of 500, 240, 180, 240, 10, 5 kg/ha and 6 t/ha were applied. One-third of urea and the entire doses of other fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation. The rest two-thirds of urea was top-dressed in two equal splits at 30 and 50 DAS. The first weeding was done manually at 20 DAS and also the thinning was done on the same day keeping only one healthy plant per hill; the rest of the plants were uprooted carefully to avoid disturbance to the nearby plants. The next time, weeding was done only at 64 DAS during the growing season of the crop. The experiment consisted of two factors: irrigation and variety. Irrigation had five levels or treatments and variety had three treatments. Irrigation was scheduled based on the depth of water required. The irrigation treatments were allocated to the main plot and the varieties in the subplot. The irrigation and variety treatments were: Main plot: Irrigation (5) I₁ : Full irrigation at initial, vegetative, silking and grain filling (20-25 DAS, 50-60 DAS, 75-80 DAS and 110-120 DAS) stages (Farmer Practice) I₂ : Full irrigation at the initial stage (20-25 DAS) I₃ : 50 % irrigation both at initial and vegetative (20-25 DAS and 50-60 DAS) stages I₄ : 75% irrigation at initial, vegetative stage and silking (20-25 DAS, 50-60 DAS and 75-80 DAS) stages I₅ : 50% irrigation at initial, vegetative, silking and grain filling (20-25 DAS, 50-60 DAS, 75-80 DAS and 110-120 DAS) stages Subplot: Variety (3) V₁ : BARI Hybrid Maize- 9 V₂ : BARI Hybrid Maize- 7 V₃ : NK-40

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2018–2019, IWM Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was stated from the two-year observations that the grain yield was higher in I₅ (50% irrigation at initial, vegetative, silking and grain filling (20-25 DAS, 50-60 DAS, 75-80 DAS) treatment than other irrigation treatments. In the case of variety treatments V₃ (NK-40) provided the highest grain yield than other variety treatments. In case of interactions, I₅ (50% irrigation at initial, vegetative, silking and grain filling (20-25 DAS, 50-60 DAS, 75-80 DAS and 110-120 DAS) stages) treatment provided the highest yield but there was no similarity in variety treatments. In 2018-19 V₃ (NK-40) provided the highest grain yield, whereas in 2017-18 V₂ (BHM-7) provided the highest yield. The water productivity was found highest at treatment I₃(50 % irrigation both at initial and vegetative (20-25 DAS and 50-60 DAS) stages) in both the years, because the water use rate was lower than other treatments. The average BCR of the consecutive two years was observed higher in I₃V₁treatment than others.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings