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Efficacy of Organic Amendments and a Nematicide for the Management of Root-knot Nematode (meloidogyne Incognita) of Tomato

MD. IQBAL FARUK
PSO
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted in the field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute to find out the efficacy of organic amendments viz. poultry refuse, rice bran , fresh sawdust, dry sawdust, tea waste and a nematicide Furadan 5G against root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato during three consecutive years viz. 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. The soil was treated with different organic amendments 10 days before seedling transplanting and Furadan 5G was applied on the day of seedling transplanting of tomato. The soils of the experimental plots were inoculated with chopped severely galled (M. incognita) roots of tomato at the time of treatment application. In all the years, a considerable reduction in root-knot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments and Furadan 5G. The most effective treatment was poultry refuse followed by rice bran and Furadan 5G. In the 1^st year, 2^nd year and 3^rd year, gall index values were 5.16, 4.94 and 6.27 under control, respectively. The severity was reduced to 59.11-64.53% in 1^st year, 50.60-60.72% in 2^nd year and 48.96-55.34% in the 3^rd year compared to control due to the application of the rice bran, Furadan 5G and poultry refuse. On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 44.82 t/ha in 1^st year 49.73 t/ha in the 2^nd year and 36.95 t/ha at 3^rd year. The highly effective three treatments increased fruit yield to 11.02-29.90% in 1^st year, 17.17-30.56% in 2^nd year and 23.39-35.02% in the 3^rd year compared to the control. The fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices in tomato gall. Based on the findings of present the study poultry refuse and rice bran noted as an effective treatment to manage the root-knot disease of tomato.

Keywords: Poultry refuse, Rice bran, Saw dust, Tea waste, Furadan, Meloidogyne incognita, tomato.

Location: A field experiment was conducted in the field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Nematocide, Tomato

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to identify organic amendments with potentials to increase yield of tomato and to reduce root-knot nematode of tomato.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of available organic amendments namely sawdust, rice bran , poultry refuses to contain bedding materials and tea waste and a nematicide Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) to control root-knot nematode of tomato. The experiment was conducted in three consecutive years viz. 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15 in the field of Plant Pathology Division BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur. A total of 7 treatments including a control viz. i) Furadan (F) 5G @ 40 kg/ha, ii) Fresh sawdust @ 2.5 t/ha, iii) Dry sawdust @ 2.0 t/ha, iv) Rice bran @ 2.0 t/ha, v) Poultry refuse @ 5 t/ha, vi) Tea waste @ 2 t/ha and vii) Untreated control. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The unit plot size 3m x 2.5m keeping a 1m distance from plot to plot. Standard cultivation procedures recommended by BARI were followed to grow tomato with little modification. The experimental land was prepared with proper tillage and fertilizers were added during final land preparation. The requisite quantity of all organic amendments was incorporated with the soil 10 days before transplanting of tomato seedlings and allowed to decompose properly. Furadan 5G was applied in the field just before transplanting of seedlings. To ensure inocula of the nematode, chopped severely galled tomato roots infected with M. incognita were mixed with soil around the tomato seedlings @ 2 g/plant. Twenty-five days old and apparently healthy tomato seedlings of variety BARI Tomato-2 (Ratan) were transplanted in the experimental plots maintaining row to row and plant to plant distance of 60 cm and 50 cm, respectively. Ten additional seedlings per plot were also transplanted in between two rows. During crop season necessary weeding, irrigation and other intercultural operations were done as per the recommendation of the crop (29).

Data collection: Data on shoot length, shoot weight, root length, root weight, gall index and yield were recorded. The root-knot disease severity was recorded two times one at 65 days after transplanting and another one after the final harvest of tomato. The additional ten plants per plot were carefully uprooted after 65 days of transplanting and the root systems were cleaned with running tap water. Data on length and weight of shoot and root were recorded. The severity of root gall was recorded in terms of gall index based on a 0-10 scale (30). Data on fruit yield were recorded from five randomly selected plants per plot. The fruit yield was expressed in t/ha.

Source of Information: Universal Journal of Agricultural Research 8(2): 25-32, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that soil amendment with poultry refuse is the best treatment followed by soil treatment with chemical pesticide Furadan 5G or rice bran for reducing root-knot nematode disease and increasing plant growth as well as the yield of tomato.

Knowledge Management: Journal