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Effect of Conservation Tillage and Split Application of Potassium on the Productivity of Maize-black Gram-t.aman Cropping Pattern and Physico-chemical Properties of Soil (2018-19)

M.J. Alam
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. K. Alam
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A.T.M.A.I. Mondol

N. Salahin
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

S. Akhter
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiments on Maize-Black gram-T.Aman rice cropping pattern were conducted in Grey Terrace soil of Joydebpur under AEZ-28 during rabi 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 to observe the effect of tillage practices and timing of potassium application on soil properties and to increase the productivity of the said cropping sequence. There were 2 types of tillage such as Strip tillage (ST) and conventional tillage (CT). In addition, 3 split application of potassium such as basal dose (K₁), two split doses (K₂) and three split doses (K₃) in a split plot RCB design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. Conventional tillage gave significantly more yield than strip tillage for T. aman but strip tillage gave more yield than conventional tillage for maize. For both crops two spilt doses performed better yield than other doses. Potassium uptake was more from strip tillage with two spilt dose (K₂) than other doses at harvest. CO₂ emission was more at earlier and middle but gradually decreased later of the growing period. Availability of NH₄ was more at early and middle part when irrigation and rainfall occurred but availability of NO₃ was more when less amount of water remained in the soil. Strip tillage (ST) gave little more soil moisture than conventional tillage (CT). Conventional tillage with potassium doses gave less soil penetration resistance than other combinations except strip tillage with two split doses (K₂). Little positive and negative change was occurred for chemical properties. The third crop of second cycle T. aman is going on with vegetative stage.

Keywords: Cropping pattern, Physico chemical properties, Potassium, Pproductivity

Location: BARI, Joydebpur

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Cropping pattern

Objectives:

To find out effect of tillage and timing of potassium application on soil physic-chemical properties and to increase the productivity of the pattern.

Methodology:

A field experiments on Maize-Black gram-T.Aman rice cropping pattern were conducted in Grey Terrace soil of Joydebpur under AEZ-28. The experiment was started at BARI central research farm during rabi season in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. The physical and chemical properties of experimental soil were noted.The tillage operations such as strip tillage with VMP (versatile multi-crop Planter) and conventional tillage with power tiller were employed in combination with three split application of potassium Viz. K₁(All basal dose), K₂= two Split (¹/₂ at basal + ¹/₂ at vegetative stage and K₃= three split (¹/₃ at basal+ ¹/₃ at vegetative stage+ ¹/₃ before flowering.Thus 6 treatment combinations were arranged in split plot design with three replications. The plot size was 7.2 M × 3 M. The tested varieties were BRRI Dhan-62 and BARI hybrid Maize 7 for T. aman and maize, respectively. The crops were fertilized with soil test based (STB) fertilizer dose as per FRG-2012 (BARC, 2012).The fertilizer doses of were N₉₉ P₃ K₅₀ S₁₁Zn_0.6kg ha^-1 and N₂₈₀ P₃₅ K₁₀₅ S₄₀Zn_0.2B_0.4 kg ha^-1 for T. aman and maize, respectively. T. aman was transplanted on 12 August, 2018 and crop harvested on 21 November, 2018. Maize seed was sown on 02 December, 2018 and crop harvested on 21 April, 2019. For T. aman, all phosphorus, gypsum and Zinc sulphate were applied during final land preparation. Urea was applied in three equal splits at seedling establishment stage (7 DAT), active tillering stage (25 DAT) and before panicle initiation stage (45 DAT). MoP was applied at basal (K₁), 25 DAT (K₂+ K₃) and 45 DAT (K₃). For maize, all phosphorus, gypsum zinc sulphate and boron were applied during final land preparation. Urea was applied in three equal splits at 15 DAS, 35DAS and 60 DAS. MoP was applied at basal (K₁), 35 DAT (K₂+ K₃) and 65 DAT (K₃). All intercultural operations were done as per requirement of the crop. Both NH₄-N and NO₃-N were extracted from the soils during the crop growing period to determine the available N in the soil sample (Jackson (2005).Microbial respiration from the soil in different treatments wasalso assessed periodically by trapping emitted CO₂ in NaOH (Anderson, 1982). All assays were performed in triplicate. The trapped CO₂ was measured by adding 15 mL of 10% w/v BaCl₂ to the NaOH to precipitate BaCO₃. The remaining NaOH was then back titrated against 1M HCl to the phenolphthalein to neutralize NaOH. Finally, more HCl was added to the methyl orange to dissolve BaCO₃. The collected soil samples were dried at room temperature mixed thoroughly, grinded, sieved with a 2 mm sieve and preserved in plastic containers for subsequent laboratory analysis. Soil samples were then analyzed for SOM, total N and P. The SOM was determined by wet oxidation (Jackson 1973), total N by a modified Kjeldahl method (page et al., 1989) and total P by using the SnCl₂ reduction method (Black, 1965).pH was determined through glass electrode pH meter method (Jackson, 1962),K and S were determined through NH₄OAC method (Hanlon and Johnson,1984)and turbidimetric method (Sperber, 1984), respectively. Micronutrients were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Particle size distribution of the initial soil was analysed by the hydrometer method (Black, 1965) and the textural class was determined using the USDA texture triangle. The BD of the soil samples were determined by core sampler and pycnometer method (Karim et al., 1988). Moisture content was determined by gravimetric method (Black, 1965). Field capacity was done though pressure plate method. All relevant data were collected and were analyzed statistically following Statistics 10 program.

Source of Information: Annual Report 2018-2019, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Tillage with split doses of potassium contributed significantly to increase the yield of T.Aman and maize under Maize- Black gram-T.Aman cropping pattern. For potassium uptake strip tillage with two split doses performed the best than other combination. CO₂ emission was more when fertilizer, irrigation was applied and rainfall occurred. Availability of NH₄ in soil was more when irrigation applied and rainfall occurred on the hand availability of NO₃ was more when the soil was in water stress condition. Strip tillage gave more soil moisture content than conventional tillage but vice-versa for penetration resistance with few exceptions. pH, OM, N and S increases but P and Zn decreases than initial soil. K and B more or less remain same to initial soil. The third crop of second cycle T. aman is going on with vegetative growth.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings