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Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Level for the Performance of French Bean (phaseolus Vulgaris L.)

Nasrin Ara Khondoker
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

F M Jamil Uddin*
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2017 to February 2018 in order to assess the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus levels and their interaction on the performance of French bean. The experiment consisted of four levels of nitrogen viz. 80, 100, 120, 140 kg nitrogen ha-1 and four levels of phosphorus viz. 15, 20, 25 and 35 kg phosphorus ha-1. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. In case of nitrogen the highest plant height, branches plant-1, chlorophyll content, dry matter, number of effective pods plant-1, length of pod, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed in 120 kg nitrogen ha-1. Considering yield attributes against phosphorus treatment the highest plant height, branches plant-1, chlorophyll content, dry matter, length of pod, 1000-seeds weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed in 25 kg phosphorus ha-1. In case of interaction effect the highest plant height, branch plant-1, chlorophyll content, dry matter, number of effective pods, length of pod, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed in 120 kg nitrogen ha-1 and 25 kg phosphorus ha-1. The results obtained in experiment indicate that there is a scope to increase the yield of French bean by applying proper dose of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer.

Keywords: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Yield, French bean.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2017

End Date: 00-02-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: French bean, Fertilizer

Objectives:

This research was carried out with the objectives to determine the effect of nitrogen and Phosphorus and their interaction for maximizing the performance of French bean

Methodology:

2.1 Experimental site The present research work was conducted in the experimental field is located at 24.75°N altitude, 90.50°E longitude and an average altitude of 18 m above the sea level. The experimental site belongs to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9) soil (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The texture of the soil in the experimental area was silty loam type and belongs to the Brahmaputra Alluvial Tract. The topography of the experimental field was medium high land. The soil of the experimental field is slightly acidic (pH 6.80) with low organic matter content (1.19%) and high soil bulk density (1.64 g cm-3). The geographical location of the experimental area was under the sub-tropical climate which is characterized by comparatively heavy rainfall, high humidity, high temperature relatively long day during April to September and scanty rainfall, low humidity, low temperature and short-day period during December to March. During the winter season average temperature was 8-25°C. The winter season is favorable for French bean cultivation. 2.2 Treatments of the experiment and design The experiment comprised two factors namely Nitrogen and Phosphorus level. The details of the factor treatments are as follows: Factor A: Nitrogen (4) levels: N1 = 80 kg N ha-1, N2 = 100 kg N ha-1N3 = 120kg N ha-1 and N4 = 140 kg N ha-1. Factor B: Phosphorus (4) levels: P1 = 15 kg P ha-1, P2 = 20 kg P ha-1, P3 = 25 kg P ha-1 and P4= 35 kg P ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The total number of plots was 48 (4×4×3). Each plot size was 5 10m2 (4 m × 2.5 m). Seeds were sown maintaining the spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm. The blocks and unit plots were separated by 1 m and 0.75 m spacing, respectively. 2.3 Crop husbandry BARI Jharsheem-3, locally, known as khaissa bean was used as experimental crop which is developed by the Olericulture Division, HRC, Gazipur in 2011, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh as a variety of French bean. The land was ploughed with a power tiller by several ploughing and cross ploughing followed by laddering to break the clods and to level the soil. The weeds and stubbles were collected and removed from the plot to bring the land under good tilth for seed sowing. Urea and TSP were used as source of Nitrogen and Phosphorous. The whole amount of TSP (according to treatment) and MoP (150 kg ha-1) (FRG 2012) and half amount of urea (according to treatment) were applied during final land preparation and another half amount of urea (according to treatment) was top dressed at 30 days after sowing (DAS) of seeds. Before sowing seed were treated by Carbendazem @ 5g kg-1 seed for controlling soil borne diseases. Two seeds were sown per hill at a depth of 5.0 cm. One healthy seedling hill-1 was kept and excess seedling was uprooted after 15 days of emergence of seedlings. Weeding, Irrigation and drainage operations were done when as per necessary. The plots were infested by caterpillar, which was successfully controlled by applying Basudin 10 G at the rate of 16.8 kg ha-1. Seedlings were damaged by damping off and anthracnose diseases. Topsin (Thiophanate methyl) was sprayed at the rate of 2 mL litre-1 at an interval of 7 days. Some plants were affected by Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV) which is a harmful disease of French bean. These plants were removed from the plots and destroyed for controlling BCMV without hampering the central portion for data collection. The crop was harvested when they reached maturity. Grains plant-1 were then weighed to record the yield and then converted to t ha-1. 2.4 Data collection Data of the yield and yield contributing characters were collected. The biological yield was calculated with the following formula: Biological yield = Grain yield + Stover yield. Harvest index (HI) was calculated from the ratio of grain yield to biological yield and expressed in percentage. It was calculated by using the following formula: HI (%) = (Grain yield / Biological yield) × 100 2.5 Statistical analysis The collected data were compiled and analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance technique with computer package program Minitab statistical software (2010). State college, PA: Minitab, Inc (www.minitab.com). The differences of mean values were adjudged by using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Acta Scientifica Malaysia (ASM) 4(1) (2020) 34-38

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://doi.org/10.26480/asm.01.2020.34.38

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results of the present study, it may be concluded that single application of nitrogen and phosphorus had significant result contribution to improving the yield in BARI Jharsheem-3. The treatments showed the positive effect in most cases and hence may be used for the improvement of yield and quality of French bean. From the above findings, the treatment combination of 120 kg Nitrogen ha-1 and 25 kg Phosphorus ha-1 along with recommended rate of other fertilizers significantly increased plant growth and yield of BARI Jharsheem-3 and this treatment combination can be treated as the best treatment considering all other combination in respect of yield and yield contributing characters.

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