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Performance of Mulching on the Yield and Quality of Potato

Nizam Uddin Ahmed
Scientific Officer, Tuber Crop Research Sub-station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Munsigonj, Bangladesh

Nashir Uddin Mahmud*
Senior Scientific Officer, Soil Science Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore, Bangladesh

Afzal Hossain
Scientific officer, On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Asad Uz Zaman
Scientific Officer, Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur, Bangladesh

Shyam Chandra Halder
Scientific Officer, Tuber Crop Research Sub-station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Munsigonj, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To find out a suitable mulch material for potato production is an important issue for the farmers. The aim of the present study was to effect of mulching on yield and quality of potato. A field experiment was conducted at Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre (TCRSC), Munshiganj during rabi season 2014-2015 to evaluate the performance of mulching on potato production. For meet up the demand six treatments viz. Rice straw, Water hyacinth, Saw dust, Black polythene and, White polythene along with Control (no mulch) were used to find the best materials that can help the farmers to improve their production practice. Now a day's mulching has become an important factor for potato production. All the mulches have significant influence on the growth, yield and yield contributing characters. The result indicated that the highest yield (34.21 t/ha) was found in the black polythene mulch that was statistically different from other mulch materials. The lowest yield (25.64) was found in control (no mulch) treatment.

Keywords: Mulching, Tuber yield, Potato

Location: Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre (TCRSC), Munshiganj during rabi season 2014-2015

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato, Mulching

Objectives:

It is a time bound question to know the effect of mulching on the tuber yield and quality of potato in Munsigonj region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Site description and experimental design The study was initiated at the research field of Tuber Crops Research Substation Munsigonj, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Muunsigonj, Bangladesh during October 2014 to March 2015 cropping season to find out the suitable mulching materials for potato production. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Six different mulch materials i.e. T1) Rice straw, T2) Water hyacinth, T3) Saw dust, T4) Black polythene and, T5) White polythene along with T6) Control (no mulch) were used in the experiment. The study area is located at 23°49’ N latitude and 90°41’ E longitude with 16 m above mean sea level. The soils of this region are moderately acidic, low in organic matter content. Overall, the fertility level is low to medium, but the status of K and CEC is medium in most of the places (Ahmed et al 2017). The land was well prepared by tractor driven disc plough followed by laddering. The experiment was conducted on 2nd December, 2014 with variety Diamant at the research field of the Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre, Munshigonj during 2014-2015 potato growing season. Crop management Well-sprouted tubers were planted in the furrows as per treatment. The source of N, P, K, S and B was urea, triple super phosphate, murate of potash, gypsum and boric acid, respectively. Applied fertilizers and planted tubers were covered with soils properly making a ridge. Then two furrows at a depth of 5-6 cm were made 10-12 cm apart from furrow having planted tubers where half of N and all other fertilizers applied. The crop was planted on 3-6 December in 2014 and maintaining 60 cm X 25 cm plant spacing. Weeding was required once to keep the plots weed free. Irrigations were provided at stolonization (22-23 days after planting (DAP), tuberization (33-35 DAP) and bulking (55-56 DAP) period, respectively. Earthing up was done once followed by top dressing of remaining N was applied at 30-32 DAP. Preventive measures were taken to control virus and blight diseases applying appropriate insecticides and fungicides. Carbofuran 5 G at the rate of 15 kg ha-1was applied in furrows (depth 5-6 cm) to control cut worm. Mancozeb, Mancozeb+ Metaloxil and Malathion applied at the rate of 2 kg, 1.5 kg and 1 L, respectively. Mancozeb, Mancozeb+ Metaloxil was applied twice while malathion was applied four times. Plants were dehaulmed at 100 DAP and tubers were harvested at 7 days after dehaulming. Data collection and statistical analysis After maturing randomly 5 plants were harvested to record the yield and yield contributing characters of potato. Tuber yield was harvested from randomly pre-selected central areas (about 9 m -2 ) of each plot and converted into tons per hectare (t ha-1 ). Mean data was analyzed statistically and was carried out to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, ISSN: 2313-4461; www.ijnss.org

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

By considering different plant characters and yield contributing characters the mulch material black polythene may be the most useful mulch for potato cultivation. Mulches contribute to weed management in organic crops by reducing weed seed germination, blocking weed growth, and favoring the crop by conserving soil moisture and sometimes by moderating soil temperature. Mulching in the form of cover crops and practicing reduce tillage have some ecological advantages over conventional land preparation tasks such as plowing and disking the entire field as they are generally less disrupted to the soil environment.

Knowledge Management: Journal