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Plant Water Relation Studies in Diverse Rice Cultivars Under Bangladesh Climatic Conditions

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two pot and two field experiments were performed at BINA, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, in 1997 and 1998, to observe the morpho-physiological changes and to identify varieties, when plants (Control 100% FC) of 9 rice varieties subjected to moisture stress (30% FC at pot and 37 to 46% FC at field) at booting and flowering stage. Plant height, tiller number, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, HI, leaf area, total dry matter (TDM), chlorophyll, nitrate reductase (NRase), RWC, LWP and yield were suppressed with the stress. Under the stress grain dry weight was increased from panicle emergence to 18 days. But water per grain was increased upto 6 days and it was then decreased upto 18 days. Grain dry weight from 6 days of panicle emergence to 21 days was negatively correlated with water per grain under control (r"2=0.53) and stress (r"2=0.54). Grain dry matter accumulation from panicle emergence to 21 days was positively correlated with grain size at maturity under both control (r"2=0.66, 0.68) and stress (r"2=0.68, 0.62, 0.64). Due to stress LWP decreased to -12.6 bar and yield was associated with midday LWP. BR22 produced medium TDM and yield, lower leaf area and maintained lower LWP. BR31 showed lower TDM and yield, lower number of panicles but larger grains. BR32 produced medium TDM and yield, higher number of grains per panicle, longer panicle and higher NRase. It maintained higher LWP but showed lower HI. Nizershail produced higher TDM, the highest number of panicles, medium grain yield and more chlorophyll. It showed more NRase activity, higher LWP but the lowest HI. Binashail performed the best producing the highest TDM and yield and maintaining the highest RWC and LWP. BINA-115 showed medium TDM and leaf area but lower yield. BINA-163 produced lower TDM and yield and maintained lower LWP. It showed better root weight but lower HI. G-32 produced medium TDM and yield, higher number of panicles and maintained medium LWP and the lowest RWC. G-67 produced higher TDM and yield, and higher number of grains per panicle. It produced larger grain and maintained medium LWP.

Keywords: Plant water relation, rice, BOKU, doctoral thesis

Location: BOKU-Universität für Bodenkultur, Vienna, Austria

Start Date: 27-07-1997

End Date: 13-12-1998

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the effects of water stress on rice genotypes and to identify rice genotype tolerant to water stress

Methodology:

Two Experiments were conducted in plastic pots at the Bangladesh Institute Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from July 27 to December 13 of 1997 and 1998. The soil was sandy loam in texture having pH 6.7, organic C 0.65 total N 0.09 and available P 9.3 (µgg^-1). Three treatments [30 %FC at booting stage, 30 %FC at flowering stage, and Control (100 %FC)], 9 varieties and 4 replications were used in this study. The design of the experiment was CRD. Each pot contained 4kg soils. The pots were placed in the experimental plot near the glasshouse at BINA. Plants materials used in this experiment were: V₁-BR22, V₂-BRRI dhan31, V₃-BRRI dhan32, V₄-Nizershail, V₅-Binashail, V₆-an advanced line BINA-115 (Latter it was released as Binadhan-4), V₇-an advanced line BINA-163, V₈-a local cultivar G-32 and V₉-a local cultivar G-67. The stress treatments were imposed at desired level by adding measured amount of required water (measured with a weighing balance, every day). One seedling of 30 days was transplanted on 21 August to each of pot and maintained a similar level of 100 %FC (Field Capacity). At the end of each growth stage, stress was discontinued. Urea, TSP (Triple Supper Phosphate), MP (Muriate of Potash) and zinc sulphate of 432 mg, 132 mg, 200 mg and 72 mg respectively at 2.5 times rate of 60 kg N, 18 kg P₂O₅, 36 kg K₂O, 8 kg ZnSO₄ per hectare were used. Plant height, number of panicles plant^-1, number of grains panicle^-1, 1000-grain weight and yield were recorded. Leaf water potential (LWP) was measured by following the manual of Wescor (1993) and Boyer (1995). Harvest index (HI) was determined using the formula given below: HI= Grain yield/Biological yield.

Source of Information: Doctoral thesis by Md. Tariqul Islam (1999): Plant water relation studies in diverse rice cultivars under Bangladesh climatic conditions. BOKU-Universität für Bodenkultur, Vienna, Austria

Article Link (Online Journal): https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.hochschulschriften_info?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=107&id_in=&hochschulschrift_id_in=2042

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Binasail showed tolerance to water stress compared to other rice genotypes.

Knowledge Management: Online Circulation