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Phenotyping of Mustard (brassica Juncea) Under the Agro Ecological Condition of Chattogram Region

Md. Golam Azam
Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Khulshi, Pahartali, Chattogram

S. M. Kamrul Hasan Chowdhury
Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Khulshi, Pahartali, Chattogram

Md. Mezan Ul Hoque
Seed orchard division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chattogram

Md. Zannatul Hasan
Registrar Office, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Nusrat Jahan Jarin
Department of sociology, Chattogram College, Chattogram, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twelve genotypes of Brassica juncea were evaluated at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Hathazari, Chattogram to find out the superior lines for using in the breeding program to develop a high yielding variety. The first six principal components (PCs) denoted about 92 % of the total variation among genotypes. The number of branches per plant is closely related with no. of siliqua per plant and 1000 seed weight (g) but it had been not strongly related to other traits. Thousand seed weight (g) is closely related with days to 50% flowering and days to maturity but it had been not strongly related to other traits. The no. of seeds per siliqua was positively correlated with the length of siliqua and plant height but negatively correlated with other traits. The short vector of seed yield per plot (kg) denotes that it was not strongly correlated with any other traits. The maturity duration among the tested entries ranged from 93-95 days. The entry BJ-11536(12)-3 created the highest siliqua per plant recorded as 198. In contrast, a minimum number of siliqua was gained from BJ-11536(9)-6 which was noted as 104. The highest seed per siliqua noted as 16 was observed in BJ-11536(12)-3 followed by 15 seeds per siliqua in BJ-11536(7)-2 and the lowest seed per siliqua documented as 12 was obtained from the entries BJ-10-10104(y), BJ-11536(9)-2 and BARI Sarisha 11. The entry BJ-11536(12)-3 provided the highest yield of 1.79 t/ha followed by 1.42 t/ha in BJ-2014-y02 and BJ-2104-y05. Three genotypes namely BJ-11536(12)-3, BJ-2014-y02 and BJ-2104-y05 can be selected to be used as parental materials in the breeding program.

Keywords: Mustard, Plant growth, Seed yield, Climatic condition

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Hathazari, Chattogram

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

High yielding varieties can be attained if superior lines are efficiently used as parental resources in breeding program. So, the experiment was executed to seek out the best Brassica juncea lines for breeding program to provide superior varieties.

Methodology:

The experiment was directed at RARS, BARI, Hathazari, Chattogram during 2017-2018 & 2018-2019 in Rabi season to evaluate the 12 genotypes of Brassica juncea. BARI Sarisha 11 and BARI Sarisha 16 were used as check varieties in this experiment. The experiment was executed following Randomized Completely Block Design by 3 replications where plot size was 3 m × 2 m. Seeds were treated with provex @ 2g/kg to avoid seed borne contamination. Treated seeds were sown in a continuous line and row was 30 cm aside from each. Thinning operation was done maintaining 5 cm distance from one another after a couple of days of germination. The doses of fertilizer were applied @ 260:180:90:120:0.5 and 1.10 kg/ha of Urea:TSP:MP:Gypsum: Boric acid and Zinc oxide respectively. The half of urea and a full dose of all other fertilizers were applied during final land preparation. Half of the remaining part of urea was given after thinning. After 20-25 days of germination, the remaining parts of the urea were applied before flowering. After each time of urea application, irrigation was given to the field. Weed in the field was removed by hand weeding after 20-22 days of germination. Malathion 57 EC @ 2ml/L of water was sprayed after 20-35-60 days of germination to control aphid. The plant development and yield related traits were calculated from five plants which are nominated randomly from all plots. Data were documented on days to fifty percent (50%) flowering, days to maturity, plant height, no. of branches/plant, siliqua/plant, length of siliqua (cm), seeds/siliqua, 1000 seed wt. (g) and yield/plot. The plot yield was transformed into ton/hectare. Recorded data were analyzed statistically by R package (R core team, 2014). Box plot, multivariate analysis and biplot analysis were accomplished using Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research (STAR 2.0.1) developed by IRRI.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Crop, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 03(01), 94-101.

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/ajcsp.030120.13

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Genetic variations were assessed within the studied genotypes in the climatic condition of chattogram region. Considering yield performance the entries BJ-11536 (12)-3, BJ-2014-y02 and BJ-2104-y05 might be selected as parental materials to be used in the breeding program to find out higher yielding variety. However, the present study will offer guidelines for the plant breeders to develop new varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal