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Determination of Relationship Between Soil Salinity and Irrigation Water Salinity (2018–2019)

R. P. Rannu
Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701

M. A. Hossain
Principal Scientific Office and Head
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701

S. K. Biswas
Senior Scientific Office
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701

K. K. Sarker
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701

K. F. I. Murad
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701

F. Akter
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted under the poly shed house of Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur in May 2018 in the pot to determine the relationship between soil salinity and irrigation water salinity. Three types of soil (sandy loam, clay loam and loam) were used with different levels of salinity where no crop was considered. Artificial salinity was prepared by using raw salt mixing with water through the trial and error method. To measure in situ soil salinity, direct soil EC meter was used. Irrigation water with different salinity level (4, 8, 12 and 16 dS/m) was applied up to field capacity at 15 days interval and soil salinity were measured at two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm). The results demonstrate that soil salinity showed a mostly increasing trend with time after applying different levels of saline irrigation water at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth. Clay loam soil showed higher soil salinity compared to loam and sandy loam soil. A linear relationship was observed between irrigation water salinity and soil salinity at the end of the study for both depths. Though soil salinity at shallow depth rose higher than deeper depth this trend was opposite at the end of the study for the highest level of saline water. However, further continuation and monitoring for this study is needed to get the final result.

Keywords: Soil salinity, Irrigation water salinity, Crop production

Location: Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute.

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil salinity, Water salinity

Objectives:

To know the relationship between soil salinity and irrigation water for crop production.

Methodology:

This experiment was conducted in the poly shed of the research field in Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. Three types of soil (sandy loam, clay loam and loam) were used with different levels of salinity. To find out the relationship between soil salinity and irrigation water salinity, the crop was just ignored for simplicity. Total seventy-two plastic pots (depth: 30 cm and diameter on an average 13.26 cm) were used. The pots were filled with the selected soil samples (Sandy loam, clay loam and loam) that were collected from different sources by analyzing the soil texture. Though silty loam soil was collected after analyzing it was found loamy soil and that’s why loam soil was considered further. The bottom of the pot was perforated and filled with the coarse aggregate to allow drainage if any after irrigation. To measure in situ soil salinity, direct soil EC meter was used. Irrigation water with different salinity levels (4, 8, 12 and 16 dS/m) was applied up to field capacity. The irrigation application started in May 2018 and is continuing at 15 days intervals with different salinity levels. Leaching 20% has been considered after 4 irrigations as pots are enclosed within a specific area and salinity will be accumulated higher in a closed area than the real area. Treatments- Factor A (main plot); Soil Types: Sandy loam, clay loam and loam; Factor B (sub-plot); Salinity level; S1=4 dS/m, S2=8 dS/m, S3=12 dS/m and S4=16 dS/m with 15 days irrigation interval. The salinity data were measured at two depths (0-15 cm) and (15-30 cm) for each type of soil. Irrigation water was prepared artificially by mixing raw salt into the water using the trial and error method in the laboratory to get the desired salinity level. Before using raw salt, the salt analysis was done by Flame photometer to know the required amount of percentage of each component (e.g. Na, K, Ca) of salt and found that raw salt contains desired amount of Na, K and Ca as in sea salt. The saline water irrigation was used for developing and maintaining desired soil salinity in the pots of different treatments. Irrigations were applied to the pots through a hose pipe system. Soil salinity was measured after each irrigation for different treatments.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2018–2019, IWM Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Soil salinity showed a mostly increasing trend with time after applying different levels of saline irrigation water at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth. Higher salinity levels showed the highest soil salinity and faster trend than lower levels. Salinity level was higher in clay loam soil followed by loam and sandy loam soil for both depths. A linear trend indicates the relationship between soil salinity and irrigation water salinity. Though salinity at a shallow depth slightly rose higher than deeper layer during the study period but at the endpoint soil salinity at shallow depth went below of deeper depth when the highest salinity level was applied. So, long-term monitoring would be worth getting proper findings.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings