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Less Tillage and Optimum Water Use of Wheat and Mungbean with Residue Retention of a Rice-based Cropping System by Using Farm Machinery (2018-19)

S S A Kamar
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M A Wohab
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M S Alam
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M A Hossain
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M A Hoque
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at RARS, Rahmatpur, Barishal to evaluate the performance of different tilling and seeding machines, to reduce turn-around time of a rice based cropping system and to determine the effect of different water stress on wheat at different cultivation practices. There were two treatments. Tillage and seeding practices are in the main plot and irrigation at sub plots. The tillage and seeding treatments were: T1= Conventional tillage (Power tiller for tillage & broadcasting), T2= Power tiller for tillage & Power operated Seeder for sowing seeds and T3= High speed rotary tiller for tillage & power operated seeder for sowing seeds. The four irrigation treatments were: I1 = Farmer practice, I2 = 100% irrigation at CRI stage, I3 = 100% irrigation at CRI Stage, 50% irrigation at 55-60 DAS and 50% irrigation at 75-80 DAS and I4 = 100% irrigation at CRI Stage, 75% irrigation at 55-60 DAS and 75% irrigation at 75-80 DAS. The cropping pattern was wheat-mungbean-aus rice-aman rice. The wheat variety used BARI Gom-30. By testing the tilling and seeding operations, it was stated that high speed rotary tiller along with power operated seeder is more effective than power tiller with broadcasting techniques. The performance of power tiller along with power operated seeder gives higher performance than power tiller with broadcasting techniques. From interaction it was observed that the grain/spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield sequentially high at T3 treatment. In case of irrigation treatments I4 gave higher results at 1000 grain weight and grain yield. The water productivity was high at I2, due to less irrigation water applied than other treatments. Among the water stress treatments (I3 and I4), I3 gave higher water productivity than I4.

Keywords: Water use, Cropping pattern, Tillage, residue retention

Location: RARS,BARI, Rahmatpur

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management, Cropping System, Tillage-Cum-Seedling

Objectives:

To evaluate the performance of different tillage and seeding machines.
To reduce the turn-around time of rice base cropping system in the southern area
To determine the effect of different water stress on wheat at different cultivation practices

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of RARS, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barishal during the Rabi season 2018-19. The site is under the Ganges tidal flood plain and at 22.42?N latitude and 90.23?E longitude. The soil of the experimental plot was silt loam with pH varying from 6.25 to 6.8. The test crop pattern was wheat-mungbean-aus rice-aman rice. There were two treatments for wheat and the design was RCB. The tillage treatments were in the main plot and the irrigation treatments were at the subplots. The tillage and irrigation treatments were- Main plot treatments: Tillage treatment- T₁= Conventional tillage (Power tiller for tillage & broadcasting); T₂= Power tiller for tillage & Power operated Seeder for sowing seeds; and T₃= High speed rotary tiller for tillage & power operated seeder for sowing seeds. Sub plot treatments: Irrigation treatment (For Wheat) - I₁ = Farmer practice; I₂ = 100% irrigation at CRI stage: I₃ = 100% irrigation at CRI Stage, 50% irrigation at 55-60 DAS and 50% irrigation at 75-80 DAS; and I₄ = 100% irrigation at CRI Stage, 75% irrigation at 55-60 DAS and 75% irrigation at 75-80 DAS. The recommended doses of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and cowdung at the rate of 175, 150, 110, 125 kg/ha and 8 t/ha were applied. Two-thirds of urea and the entire doses of other fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation. The rest one-third of urea was top dressed at 21 DAS. The first weeding was done manually at 30 DAS. Next time, weeding was done only at 53 DAS and second irrigation was applied at 55 DAS. Third irrigation was applied at 80 DAS. Quantification and application of irrigation water: Irrigation was applied based on the depth of water required. Irrigation was applied by using power sprayer and no excess water was applied in the plots. In this case volume of water was measured. Necessary data for tillage treatments and sample plants were collected. Water productivity: The water use of a crop field is generally described in terms of water productivity (WP), which is the ratio of the crop yield to the total amount of water used in the field during the entire growing period of the crop. The WP demonstrates the productivity of water in producing crop yield. Data analysis: The collected data were analyzed using R programming.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2018-2019, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is needed to be continued in the next year for confirmation of results.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings, Book