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Yield and Npk Uptake of Rice as Influenced by Si Fertilization Under Ambient and Elevated Temperature

S. Akter
Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh

M. Z. Rahman
Department of Agronomy & Haor Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

M. Hoque
Department of Agronomy & Haor Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

M. M. Rob
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

T. Afroz
Department of Agroforestry & Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh,

M. A. Ali
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The application of silicon (Si) influences the stress resistance and thereby could boost up the growth and yield of rice. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Si fertilization on rice cv. Binadhan-8 at ambient and elevated temperature during Boro season of Bangladesh. Significant differences were observed in the studied parameters: plant height, SPAD reading, yield and concentration of NPK in grain and straw of rice. At ambient temperature (AMT) condition, plant height, SPAD reading, grain and straw yield were also the high- est in the case of 10 g pot^-1 Si application. Moreover, the highest NPK contents in grain and straw were observed in the application of Si @ 10 g pot^-1, whereas the lowest NPK contents were mostly recorded in control (0 g Si pot^-1). The increased rate of Si contributed to the NPK absorption in grain, yield attributes and yield of rice up to 10g pot^-1 Si application. On the other hand, yield contributing characters, grain yield and NPK uptake were showed a similar response to Si application at elevated temperature (ELT). But, the yield contributing characters, as well as grain yield at ELT, showed less performance in comparison to AMT. Therefore, the application of Si could be recommended to optimize the yield attributes, yield and NPK uptake of rice.

Keywords: Silicon, Rice, Yield, NPK

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2012

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the suitable Si level for maximizing the grain and straw yield of rice and finally the uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in grain and straw at (AMT) and at (ELT) conditions.

Methodology:

Experiment site and plant materials- The experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh during January - June 2012 to observe the effect of Si on the NPK uptake, growth and yield of rice. The geographical position of the experiment site was 90°25' E and 24°74' N. The plants were grown in 24 cm × 30 cm size plastic pot containing 10 kg air-dry soil, collected from rhizosphere of rice field. The soil was silty loam with low organic matter content (1.64%) and slightly acidic in nature (pH 6.5). The N (0.08%), P (7.0 mg kg^-1) and K (0.12 meq%) contents were low. S (10mg kg^-1), Zn (0.09 mg kg^-1), B (0.07 mg kg^-1) contents are also low but Ca (5.16 meq%) and Mg (2.94 meq%) contents are sufficient. Binadhan-8, a high-yielding rice variety that is recommended for cultivation in both the Boro and Aman seasons in Bangladesh used in the experiment. Treatment and design- The experiment consists of six levels of Si viz. 0 (Si₀), 5 (Si₅), 7.5 (Si_7.5), 10 (Si₁₀), 12.5 (Si_12.5) and 15 (Si₁₅) g pot^-1 soil. The treatments were assigned in two different temperature conditions: AMT condition (outside of greenhouse) and ELT condition (inside the greenhouse). During the experimentation, the average maximum temperature that prevailed in the greenhouse condition was 37ºC to 39ºC, and outside the greenhouse, it was below 35ºC. Treatments were assigned in a completely randomized design with four replications. Crop husbandry- Before transplanting rice seedling, each pot soil was fertilized with urea, triple superphosphate (TSP), and muriate of potash (MoP) at the rate of 12 g (N), 6 g (P₂O₅) and 6 g (K₂O) on high yield goal basis. The full amounts of TSP, MoP were applied as a basal dose and urea were applied in three splits. Calcium silicate (CaSiO3) was supplied as a source of Si (24% Si). Calcium silicate and all other fertilizers were applied before transplanting. Sprouted seeds were sown in a plastic tray and 20-day old two seedlings pot^-1 were transplanted. Intercultural operations e.g., gap filling, weeding, irrigation, and drainage was done as per requirement. The experiment was terminated at plant maturity when the plants' maturity and started to die. Recording data and statistical analysis- The data on plant height, tillers plant^-1, grains panicle^-1, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain & straw yield and concentration of NPK in grain & straw were measured from each pot at final harvest. A chlorophyll meter (SPAD-502, Minolta Camera Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan) was used to record the SPAD value from the rice plant. New fully expanded leaves adjacent to a similar leaf about to emerge were selected for recording SPAD values. The mean of five readings per plant was taken between 7:00 and 9:00 am to lessen the potential effects of light intensity on chloroplast movement. The analysis of N, P, and K in plant samples were done by micro-Kjeldahl digestion, spectrophotometer and flame photometer, respectively. Analysis of variance was done with the help of the computer package MSTAT-C (Russel, 1986). The mean differences among the treatments were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984) and LSD test at 0.05 level of probability.

Source of Information: Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Vol. 1 No. 3 September 2020 Pages 58-62

Article Link (Online Journal): http://doi.org/10.47440/JAFE.2020.1309

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the present study revealed that the application of Si had a positive significant effect on the plant height, SPAD value, yield attributes and yield of rice along with the accumulation of N, P and K. Therefore, it may be recommended to apply Si along with N, P, K fertilizer for increasing rice productivity. The study warrants the field experiment in different locations to optimize the rate of Si application in rice. However, since Si application has been swelling fast for ensuring a good harvest across the world, impacts of Si should be studied in multi-locations along with different settings to ensure judicious use of Si in the crop field and before reaching any precise conclusion.

Knowledge Management: Journal