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Efficacy of Five Plant Extracts Against Late Blight Disease of Tomato in Experimental Field

MM Islam
Botanical Pesticides and Environmental Microbiology Lab, Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

D Yesmin
Botanical Pesticides and Environmental Microbiology Lab, Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

S Islam
Botanical Pesticides and Environmental Microbiology Lab, Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

S Sultana
Botanical Pesticides and Environmental Microbiology Lab, Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

MAK Azad
Botanical Pesticides and Environmental Microbiology Lab, Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of five plant extracts at different concentrations for managing the late blight disease of tomato in the experimental field of University of Rajshahi. The antimicrobial activity of five plant extracts such as Water gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus chamadulonsis), Garlic (Allium sativum), Babla (Acacia nilotica) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) was tested for controlling the late blight disease-causing pathogens Phytophthora infestans. The number of branching of tomato plant was highest in T₁₅ treatment (Black Cumin 5%) and lowest in T₅ (Garlic clove 10%) and T₁₃ (Babla leaves 2.5%). The maximum number of late blight affected leaves were found in T₁ (control) and T₆ (Garlic clove (5%) treatments, and minimum in T₁₄ (Black Cumin 10%). A highest number of fresh tomatoes was recorded in T₁₄ (Black Cumin 10%) and T₁₆ (Black Cumin 2.5%) whereas the lowest performance was observed in T₇ (Garlic clove 2.5%). The highest number of late blight-affected rotten tomato was observed in T₁₂ (Babla leaves 5%) and the lowest in T₅ (Garlic clove 10%). The yield of tomato (g) was found maximum in T₁₅ treatment (Black Cumin 5%) and lowest in T₆ (Garlic clove 5%) treatment.

Keywords: Eco-friendly management, Fungicidal activity, Late blight disease, Plant extract, Tomato

Location: Botanical Pesticides Research Field of the Institute of Environmental Science of the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2020

End Date: 00-00-2020

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Tomato

Objectives:

Therefore, this research was conducted considering the following objectives, i) To assess the efficacy of five plant extracts on tomato plant growth (height and branches) and yield, and ii) To assess the efficacy of plant extracts on the control of late blight disease of tomato in the experimental field.

Methodology:

Plants having the bioactivity against the fungal diseases were surveyed through a survey of literature and published papers. Thereafter, a field survey was conducted to identify the origin, habitat and status of bioactive plants in the campus of the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Five most bioactive plants such as Water gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus chamadulonsis), Garlic (Allium sativum), Babla (Acacia nilotica) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) were collected for this experiment. About 100 gram of plant material was boiled in 1000 ml distilled water (w/v, 1:10) for 45 minutes and then passed through two layers of cheesecloth (Hossain and Hossain, 2012). The extracts were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C until used. Plant extract was sprayed twice a week in the field with the help of a sprayer. Experimental plot and treatments- This field experiment was carried out at the Botanical Pesticides Research Field of the Institute of Environmental Science of the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh during Robi season of 2020. Tomato saplings were planted on 15^th January, 2020 in the experimental field. Five plant extracts were applied against late blight-causing pathogens (Phytophthora infestans) of tomato. The Experimental treatments are T₁- control, T₂ – Water gourd leaves (10%), T₃ – Water gourd leaves (5%), T₄ – Water gourd leaves (2.5%) T₅ – Garlic clove (10%), T₆ - Garlic clove (5%) T₇ –Garlic clove (2.5%), T₈ - Eucalyptus leaves (10%), T₉ – Eucalyptus leaves (5%), T₁₀–Eucalyptus leaves (2.5%), T₁₁ – Babla leaves (10%), T₁₂ - Babla leaves (5%), T₁₃ - Babla leaves (2.5%), T₁₄ - Black Cumin (10%), T₁₅ - Black Cumin (5%) and T₁₆ - Black Cumin (2.5%).

Source of Information: Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 67-71, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v12i1-2.51987

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest plant height of tomato was observed in T₁₂ treatment (Babla leaves 5%) and T₉ treatment (Eucalyptus leaves 5%) and more branching was in T₁₅ (Black Cumin (5%) treatment. The maximum number of late blight affected leaves was found in T₁ (control) and T₆ (Garlic clove 5%) treatments and minimum in T₁₄ (Black Cumin 10%). The maximum number of fresh tomato was observed in T₁₄ (Black Cumin 10%) and T₁₆ (Black Cumin 2.5%) treatments and highest number of rotten tomato were inT₁₂ (Babla leaves 5%). The highest yield of tomato (g) was recorded in T₁₅ (Black Cumin 5%) treatment and lowest in T₆ (Garlic clove 5%) treatment. This study found that three plant extracts (Black Cumin, Garlic clove and Eucalyptus Leaves) are effective to reduce the disease levels of late blight in tomato field. Therefore, these botanicals may be incorporated in the tomato field for pest management in an eco-friendly way.

Knowledge Management: Journal