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Intensification of Rice Production Through Different Fertilizer Management Approaches Under Variable Irrigation Regimes

Jotirmoy Chakrobortty
Department of Soil Science, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh

Subas Chandra Pal
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. Rafiqul Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Anamul Hoque
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Water scarcity is the main problem in boro season in Bangladesh which limits growth and development of crop plants especially in rice. The field experiment was carried out at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. BRRI dhan29 was used as a test crop. Treatments were the combination of water saving techniques and different nutrients of organic and inorganic approaches. There were four types of water management viz. I1: minimum irrigation, I2: normal irrigation, I3: continuous flooding and I4: alternate wetting and drying (AWD). On the other hand five fertilizers management approaches viz. F1: 100% recommended fertilizer dose (RFD) chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn), F2: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 5 t ha-1 cowdung, F3: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 5 t ha-1 cowdung slurry, F4: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 3 t ha-1 poultry manure and F5: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 3 t ha-1 poultry manure slurry were tested. The water management practices were placed in the main plot and fertilizer management practices were given in the sub plots. Results revealed that minimum irrigation caused significant reductions in growth and yield of BRRI dhan29. On the other hand, AWD technique did not reduce the growth and yield of BRRI dhan29 in comparison to continuous flooding. It was also revealed that plant height, panicle length, number of effective tillers per hill and grains per panicle were significantly increased in I3F3 (continuous flooding with 75% RFD chemical fertilizers + 5 t ha-1 cowdung slurry) treatment compared to other treatments. The highest grain and straw yields were obtained from I3F3 treatment. Nutrient uptake by BRRI dhan29 responded significantly in I3F3 treatment which was statistically similar to I3F4, I4F5, I2F5, I4F4 and I4F3 treatments. Finally it can be concluded that application of continuous flooding or AWD with 75% RFD chemical fertilizers + 5 t ha-1 cowdung slurry showed better performance than other treatments for maintaining better rice production.

Keywords: IPNM, AWD, Bio-slurry, Continuous Flooding

Location: Soil Science Field Laboratory of BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Fertilizer, Irrigation scheduling

Objectives:

The main purpose of this research was to improve rice production under different irrigation regimes through proper management of fertilizers.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Soil Science Field Laboratory of BAU during boro season (2015-16). The experimental soil belongs to Sonatola series under the AEZ of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain. BRRI dhan29 was used as a test crop. Fourty-days-old rice seedlings were transplanted in the experimental fields at a spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design where the experimental area was divided into 3 replications. Each block was divided into 20 unit plots with raised bunds as treatments. Thus total number of unit plots was 60. The unit plot size was 3m x 2m and plots were separated from each other by ails (20 cm). One meter drain was separated unit block from one another. Two types of treatments were used in this experiment, irrigation regimes were assigned in main plots and nutrient management were placed in subplots. There were four types of water management viz. I1: minimum irrigation, I2: normal irrigation, I3: continuous flooding and I4: alternate wetting and drying (AWD). On the other hand five fertilizers management approaches viz. F1: 100% recommended fertilizer dose (RFD) chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn), F2: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 5 t ha-1 cowdung, F3: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 5 t ha-1 cowdung slurry, F4: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 3 t ha-1 poultry manure and F5: 75% RFD chemical fertilizers (NPKSZn) + 3 t ha-1 poultry manure slurry were tested. Fertilizer N, P, K, S and Zn from urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate, respectively were applied to the experimental plots. Triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied during final land preparation to the experimental plots as per treatments. Urea was applied in three equal splits. Well decomposed cowdung, cowdung slurry, poultry manure and poultry slurry were incorporated in the plots as per treatment at 7 days before transplanting. Cowdung, cowdung slurry, poultry manure and poultry slurry were mixed thoroughly with the soil at the time of final land preparation. The crops were harvested at full maturity. Different plant parameters including grain and straw yields were recorded after harvesting. The crop was harvested at full maturity. One m2 of each plot was harvested, bundled separately and brought to the threshing floor. Then the harvested crop was threshed. Grain and straw yields were recorded and moisture percentage was calculated after drying in the oven. The grain and straw yields were adjusted on 14% moisture. Five hills were randomly selected from each plot at maturity to record the yield contributing characters. Grain and straw samples were kept for chemical analyses. The plant height was measured from the ground level to the top of the panicle. From each plot, plants of 5 hills were measured and averaged. The measurement of panicle length was taken from basal node of the rachis to apex of each panicle. Each observation was an average of 5 hills. Five hills were taken randomly from each plot and total numbers of effective tillers hill-1 were recorded. Five panicles were taken at random hill-1 and the filled and unfilled grains panicle-1 were counted and averaged. 1000-grain was taken from the collected samples treatment wise and the weight was recorded after sun drying in an electrical balance. Grain and straw yields of BRRI dhan29 were recorded from each plot after drying and weighing carefully. The yields were expressed as kg ha-1 on 14% moisture basis. Initial soil samples were collected at a depth of 0- 15 cm from the surface. After removing weeds, plant roots, stubbles, stones, etc, the samples were air dried and ground to pass through a 2 mm (10 meshe) sieve. Plant samples were analyzed for N, P, K and S contents following semi-micro Kjeldahl method, Olsen method, Ammonium-acetate extraction method and Calcium chloride extraction method respectively in the Department of Soil Science of BAU. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA. The significance of differences between mean values was evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test using software package, Stats.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 19(1): 37–43, 2021 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.15594

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Combined application of irrigation with organic manures, bio-slurries and chemical fertilizers had significant effects on yield and yield contributing characteristics of BRRI dhan29. Nutrient uptake by rice crop was also significantly affected due to application of manure or bio-slurry with fertilizers and irrigation. It can be concluded that combined application of irrigation and manure or bio-slurry with fertilizer increased crop production. Application of continuous flooding or AWD with 75% RFD chemical fertilizers + 5 t ha-1 cowdung slurry showed better performance than other treatments for BRRI dhan29 maintaining better rice productivity.

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