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Sowing Time and Management Effects on Phenology, Growth and Yield of Garden Pea

S.S. Kakon
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M.M. Sheikh
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Burirhat, Rangpur

M.S.A. Khan
Training and Communication wing, BARI, Gazipur

A.A.Begum
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

J.A. Chowdhury
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M.A.Hossain
On-farm Research Division, BARI, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of the Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur and Regional Agricultural Research Stations (RARS), Burirhat during two successive rabi seasons of 2015 and 17 to find out the relation between different development events of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) and the sowing time-based temperature, and also to minimize the yield reduction by adopting appropriate management practices. The treatments comprised three sowing dates (30 November, 15 December, and 30 December) and three management practices (low, medium, and high). Under high management, Nov. 30 sowing took maximum days (64 days in 2015-16 and 58 days in 2016-17 at Joydebpur and 58 days in 2015-16 and 57 days in 2016-17 at RARS, Burirhat) to reach harvesting maturity. The results indicated that the number of days required for attaining different phenological stages decreased with a delay of sowing. Late sowing took minimum time from flowering to fresh pod maturity (51 days and 49 days in two years at Joydebpur, and 49 days and 46 days in two years at Burirhat) due to an increase in minimum temperature. The results revealed that the highest pod yield (14.77 t ha^-1in 2015-16 and 13.09 t ha^-1in 2016-17 at Joydebpur and 9.63 t ha^-1 in 2015-16 and 10.33 t ha^-1in 2016-17 at Burirhat) was recorded from 30 November sowing with high management practices which was followed by 15 December with the same management. Yield reduction in late sowing was reduced to some extent by high management practices. The two-year results revealed that 30 November sowing with high management practices (extra 20% recommended fertilizer dose, HRC + two irrigation at pre-flowering and pod development stage + seed treatment + one weeding at 21 DAE) showed better pod yield than other combinations.

Keywords: Temperature, Phenology, Sowing date, Management practices, Yield, Garden pea

Location: Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, and RARS, Burirhat.

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Gardenpea

Objectives:

To evaluate the crop growth and yield performance under different management practices.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of the Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, and RARS, Burirhat during rabi season of 2015-16 and 2016-17. The soil was silty clay in texture with a pH of 6.5. The crops received no rainfall at Joydebpur, Gazipur, and RARS, Burirhat during the crop season of 2015-16 and 2016-17. The treatments were comprised of three sowing dates; i. 30 November (D₁), ii. 15 December (D₂), and iii. 30 December (D₃) and management practices; i. Low: 25-30-56-5 kg NPKS/ha, no irrigation, no weeding, no pesticide (M₁). ii. Medium: 25-30-56-5 kg NPKSha^-1, one weeding at 21 DAE, two irrigations at pre-flowering and pod development stages, and spraying pesticides (Dithane M-45) (M₂). iii. High: 30-36-67-6 NPKS kg ha^-1 (Recommended dose + extra 20% recommended dose, HRC+ two irrigation at pre-flowering and pod development stage, seed treatment(Seeds were treated with Vitavex- 200 @ 2.5 g kg^-1 seeds before 24 hours of sowing), one weeding at 21 DAE (M₃). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The sowing dates were assigned in the main plots and management practices were arranged in sub-plots. Garden pea var. BARI motorshuti-3 was used as a test crop. Seeds were sown in lines with maintaining 30 cm row to row spacing. Half of the urea and full doses of other fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining half of urea was top-dressed at the flowering stage followed by irrigation. In case of low management, all fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation. Insecticide was sprayed in the respective treatment plots. At the flowering stage, plant samples were collected from an area of one square meter of all treatments and the plant samples were dried in an oven for 72 hours at 80^oC and then dry weights were recorded. The phenological data were recorded by field monitoring every day. The yield component data was collected from 10 randomly selected plants prior to harvest from each plot. Meteorological data for air temperature and rainfall were obtained from a meteorological station located adjacent to the experiment field. At a later stage of the cropping season, rust disease was visible. Rust disease was controlled by Tilt only Joydebpur. At harvest, the yield data was recorded plot-wise and analyzed statistically by MSTAT-C, and means were compared using Least Significant Difference (LSD).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 13-22

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v23i2.52448

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results revealed that temperature variation in different sowing dates influenced highly on phenology, growth, and yield of a garden pea. Increased temperature enhanced the early flowering of a late sown garden pea. The high temperature from flowering to maturity reduced the duration of pod setting and produced a lower yield at 30 Dec. sowing. The pod yield reduction was reduced to some extent by high management practices. Two-year results revealed that 30 November sowing with high management practices (extra 20% recommended fertilizer dose, HRC + two irrigation at pre-flowering and pod development stage + seed treatment + one weeding at 21 DAE) showed better pod yield than other combinations.

Knowledge Management: Journal