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Growth, Flower Dropping, Pod Set and Yield Response of Soybean Varieties as Affected by Suplemental Fertilizer Spray at Flowering

N. Chakma
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

P.K. Biswas
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. Hasanuzzaman
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted during the period from January to May 2014 to study the response of growth, flower dropping, pod setting, and yield of two soybean varieties to foliar fertilization of urea at an early stage of flowering. Soybean varieties, BARI Soybean-5 and BARI Soybean-6 were fed with four supplemental foliar spray treatments of fertilizer, viz. M₁: Control i.e., no additional nutrient spray; M₂: 20% of recommended urea spray at flowering; M₃: 20% dose of the recommended MoP; and M₄: 20% dose of the recommended DAP at early flowering stage. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. There was no significant effect of variety, fertilization spray or their interaction observed on growth parameters. However, flower and pod dropping was affected with higher flower dropping (55.2%) in BARI Soybean-5 and maximum pod dropping (16.44%) with DAP spray treatment. Higher yield attributes’ values such as seeds pod^-1 (2.42), seed yield (1.18 t ha^-1), stover yield (1.02 t ha^-1), and biological yield (2.21 t ha^-1) were obtained with foliar DAP spray treatment. The interaction of BARI Soybean-5 and foliar DAP spray showed the highest seed yield (1.48 t ha^-1), stover yield (1.26 t ha^-1), and biological yield (2.75 t ha^-1).

Keywords: Foliar spray, Urea, MoP, DAP, Flower, Pod dropping, Yield, Soybean

Location: Agronomy Department, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-01-2014

End Date: 00-05-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Soybean

Objectives:

To investigate the influence of foliar nutrient spray on flower and pod droppings of soybean, and to study the growth and yield response of two soybean varieties towards urea, MoP, and DAP spray at the early flowering stage.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the research field of the Agronomy Department, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period of Jan-May, 2014. The soil of the experimental site has belonged to the Modhupur tract (AEZ No. 28). The topography of the experimental site was adequately uniform, leveled and soil was deep red-brown terrace soil with pH 5.6. The full amount of recommended dose @ 60, 175, 120, 115, and 10 kg ha^-1 of Urea, Triple superphosphate (TSP), Muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum, and boric acid respectively (FRG, 2012) were applied during the final land preparation. Two soybean varieties, BARI Soybean-5 and BARI Soybean-6 were used for this experiment. The experiment consisted of two factors and it was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The total number of plots was 24 and the size of each unit plot was 3m x 3m. Two soybean varieties were assigned in the main plot, V₁: BARI Soybean-5 and V₂: BARI Soybean-6 and the sub-plots had four supplemental spray treatments, M₁: Control (no additional nutrient spray); M₂: 20% of recommended Urea spray at flowering; M₃: 20% of recommended MoP spray at flowering and M₄: 20% of recommended DAP spray at flowering. The supplemental spray was done at the flowering stage (60 days after sowing). Different intercultural operations such as thinning, irrigation, weeding, and plant protection measures were done as and when needed. Five plants from each plot were randomly selected and different growth parameters (plant height, leaflet number, branches plant^-1, and dry matter plant^-1) were recorded at 75 DAS and 100 DAS. Another five plants were randomly selected for documenting flower and pod dropping rates by using clean paper. The harvesting was done when 90% of the pods become brown in color and the plants were harvested from the 5.4 m² central area of each plot. Yield attributes such as no. of pods plant^-1, no. of seeds pod^-1, grain yield, stover yield, and harvest index were recorded at the time of harvesting. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using the Statistics 10 statistical program and the significant differences were compared by the least significant difference (LSD) test at a 5% level of probability (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 111-117

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v23i2.52460

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, it appears that foliar application of urea, MoP, and DAP at the early flowering stage had no significant effect on the plant growth traits of soybean. In the case of flower & pod dropping and yield attributes, the results showed inconsistency with previous findings of other researchers. It is suggested that further study is required before recommending the foliar nutrient application for optimum soybean production.

Knowledge Management: Journal