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Research Detail

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M. S. Kayshar
Lecturer, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

A. Rahman
Lecturer, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202;

M. S. Sultana
Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

K. Fatema
Lecturer, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M. F. Kabir
Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

The study was conducted on formulation and preparation of mixed squashes with different combinations of papaya, banana and carrot pulp. The research work was carried out in three phases. In phase I, the moisture content, total soluble solid (TSS), ash, pH, acidity, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), total sugar, reducing and non-reducing sugar of ripe papaya, ripe banana, fully matured carrot and processed mixed squash from these were analyzed. The pulp prepared from papaya, banana and carrot were used for preparation of mixed squash with various combinations along with other ingredients. The combinations were 100% papaya for sample S1 (Control); 60% carrot, 20% papaya and 20% banana for sample S2; 40% carrot, 40% papaya and 20% banana for sample S3 and 33.33% carrot, 33.33% papaya and 33.33% banana for sample S4. Sugar and citric acid was used for improving the sweetness and lowering the pH respectively. Potassium meta-bisulphate (KMS) was used as preservative. In phase II, the sensory property of squash was evaluated by a taste testing panel consisting of 10 panelists. The results showed that color, flavor, sweetness, sourness and overall acceptability of the squash S3 containing 40% carrot pulp, 40% papaya pulp and 20% banana pulp got highest score. Other samples were moderately acceptable. In phase III, the storage potentiality of squashes was observed. After 8 weeks S1 and S3 sample remain unchanged but other samples S2 and S4 were slightly changed by sedimentation.

  Preparation, Squash, Sensory evaluation, Storage potentiality
  Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries under the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh
  
  
  Postharvest and Agro-processing
  Papaya, Banana, Carrot

The present investigation was planned with the objectives to find out the suitable formulation for mixed squashes based on papaya, banana and carrot; to evaluate the proximate composition of mixed squash; to study the sensory evaluation of the final product; and to study the storage potentiality of final product.

The study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries under the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The fresh ripe papaya (88% moisture content), fresh ripe banana (72% moisture content) and matured carrots (96% moisture content) were procured from the local market and cleaned thoroughly with potable water before preparation of pulps. Chemicals and solvents used in the study were of AR grade and water was glass distilled unless specified otherwise. Sugar was procured from the local market. Potassium Metabisulphite (KMS), citric acid and other materials required were used from the laboratory stock. At first, pulp was extracted from papaya, banana and carrot. For extraction, fresh and ripe papaya and banana was collected. In case of carrot, matured one was procured from local market. Then papaya, banana and carrot was washed thoroughly, peeled and cut into slices. Pulp was collected by cutting out the flesh of papaya. On the other hand, banana and carrot slices were steam blanched to prevent browning reaction and to make the texture soft respectively. Then the pulp was blended in an electric blender separately. After proper blending papaya, banana and carrot pulp was screened through a mosquito net. The pulp was stored in a deep freeze at a temperature of -200 C for future use. The analysis was done on prepared pulp. The prepared pulp of papaya, banana and carrot were analyzed for their moisture content, ash content, total soluble solids (TSS), acidity (as citric acid), pH and vitamin C content. Moisture content, ash content, acidity as citric acid and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) were determined by adopting AOAC (2005) method for papaya, banana and carrot pulp. Total Soluble Solids (TSS) was measured by the refractometer (Model No.: 8987 Puji Kuki Ltd. Tokio). The pulp of papaya, banana and carrot were placed on the prism glass of refractometer and readings were recorded through eye piece for TSS measurement respectively. The pH of the pulp was measured by using PERKINFLEMER Metrin V pH at an ambient temperature. Reducing sugar, non reducing sugar, and total sugar was estimated according to the methods of Rangana, (1979). After that, according to specification, squash was formulated. The required specification was TSS: 40%; Acidity: 1.25%; Juice pulp: 25%; KMS: 350 ppm (SO2). The formulations of squashes were coded as S1, S2, S3 and S4 for the study. For preparing squash given method was followed. At first, Pulp, sugar, citric acid and KMS were separately weighed and water also measured according to the calculation. Then small quantity of water was taken out from the measured quantity of water to dissolve KMS later on. Sugar and citric acid were mixed with water and heated to prepare syrup and the syrup was filtered through a coarse cloth and then cooled. After that, KMS was dissolved in aforesaid quantity of water that was measured earlier. Measured pulp was then mixed with the cool syrup. Then KMS dissolved in water was also added and mixed thoroughly and squash was prepared. Finally, squash was poured in sterilized bottle and sealed carefully. Again analysis was done on prepared squash. Prepared squashes were analyzed for its total soluble solids, pH, acidity, vitamin C, reducing sugar, non reducing sugar and total sugar according to the reference methods outlined before. Sensory evaluation was performed to judge the acceptability of different formulated products by panelists. The taste testing panel was consisting of 10 taste panelists. They were asked to evaluate color, flavor, like moderately, 6 = like slightly, 5 = neither like or nor dislike, 4 = dislike slightly, 3 = dislike moderately, 2 = dislike very much , 1= dislike extremely. The data were analyzed for ANOVA in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) under computerized statistical method of M-stat and Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare the mean. Finally, the effect of storage (8 weeks) time on the properties of mixed squash prepared from papaya, banana and carrot was studied.

  IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS); e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372.Volume 7, Issue 2 Ver. III (Mar-Apr. 2014), PP 47-51
  
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

Now-a-days, juices or squashes available in market are equally popular to all age group of people. Due to high moisture content and sugar content it is readily susceptible to spoilage and quality deterioration. In developed countries, the quality of fruit processed products like juices or squashes is strictly maintained through laws, regulations and proper monitoring system; but in many developing and less developed countries, the manufacturer is not concerned about the nutritional quality, chemical safety, microbiological safety and hygiene of fruit juices because of lack of enforcement of the law and monitoring system. Thus the transmission of some human diseases through juice and other drinks are considered a serious problem in recent years. So, special care should be taken during processing to avoid microbial contamination and quality deterioration. Types of sugars used (other than sucrose) should be declared on the label. If preservatives are added their name and specific quantity should be declared on the label. Enforcing law and imposing punishment, social motivation of food processor, social motivation of food consumers and strengthening supervision by legal authority to control adulteration and improve the product quality. More research works would be needed to find out suitable formulation for squashes, minimize the loss of vitamin C during storage content and to improve the quality of the mixed squashes.

  Journal
  


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