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Use of Dried Papaya Skin in the Diet of Growing Pullets

S. K. FOUZDER
Farming Systems and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University

S. D. CHOWDHURY
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University

M. A. R. HOWLIDER
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University

C. K. PODDER
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Saver, Dheka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

1. The chemical composition of dried papaya (Carica papaya) skin (DPS) was determined and the effect of diets containing different concentrations of this ingredient (0, 30, 60 and 90 g/kg) was studied using growing pullets as experimental animals. 2. Crude protein concentration was determined to be 229 g/kg and metabolisable energy content was estimated to be 6·4 MJ/kg. 3. Use of DPS in the diet up to 90 g/kg did not produce any significant difference in weight gain, food intake, food conversion and protein efficiency when compared with birds that received the control diet. 4. Survivability of growing pullets fed on DPS was 100%, as in the control group. 5. It was concluded that DPS can safely be used up to 90 g/kg in the diet of growing pullets.

Keywords: Papaya skin, Diet, Pullets

Location: Farming Systems and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Papaya

Objectives:

The aims of the present work were to determine the chemical composition of green papaya skin and to study the effects of feeding this ingredient to commercial growing pullets at different dietary concentrations.

Methodology:

Collection and processing of papaya skin Papaya skin was collected from hotels and restaurants and also from a residential hall of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Foreign particles were removed and the skin was cut manually into small pieces and dried on the clean roof of a building. Such dried papaya skin (DPS) was oven dried at low temperature and then ground. Food ingredient analysis The DPS and other ingredients were subjected to chemical analysis for proximate components (AOAC, 1980) before formulation of diets. Birds and diets A total of 228 growing pullets (Starcross 579), aged 12 weeks, were selected from a larger flock and assigned at random to 4 dietary treatments each with 3 replicates. The initial weight of the replicate groups were matched. All birds were fed on the control diet for 3 d before commencement of the experiment in order to acclimatise them to their new environment. Three diets were formulated, incorporating DPS at concentrations of either 30, 60 or 90 g/kg. A limited number of ingredients were available for diet formulation. To change the diet from 0 to 30, 60 and 90 g/kg DPS the inclusion rate of sesame oil meal was reduced by 30 to 40 g/kg and the inclusion of rice polishings was reduced by up to 50 g/kg (Table 1). These changes were made to keep the nutrient concentrations of the experimental diets similar to those of the control. ME was estimated according to Janssen et al. (1979). For the ingredients, the ME content reported by Nesheim et al. (1979) and Singh and Panda (1992) were assumed and the diets were formulated to be close to iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous. The detailed compositions of the diets are shown in Table 1. Nutrient requirements were satisfied, according to the recommendations available for the strain. Feeding and watering practices Food was supplied ad libitum, as a mash. Fresh drinking water was made available for 24 h. Management The birds were reared in a house allowing 950 cm 2/ pullet and feeder and waterer spaces were 12·5 and 7·5 linear cm/pullet, respectively, between 12 and 17 weeks of age. They were reared on sawdust litter spread to 5 cm depth on a cement floor. The experimental pens were surrounded by cotton netting to prevent the entry of wild birds. The pullets were reared at ambient temperature ranging from 22·1° to 26·5°C and at a relative humidity of 68% to 78%. Record keeping and data analysis Records were kept of body weight, weekly food supply and mortality. Body weight gain, food consumption and food conversion efficiency were calculated from the records. The results were analysed as a Completely Randomised Design, using the MSTAT computer programme.

Source of Information: British Poultry Science (1999) 40: 88–90

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669987881

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results obtained in this study indicate that Starcross pullets fed on diets containing DPS up to 90 g/kg gave similar results to those fed on the control diet. However, further investigations are needed regarding the nature of non-protein nitrogenous compounds, amino acid composition and essential mineral contents of DPS. In addition, an enzymatic assay for papain activity of fresh and dried samples of papaya skin would be helpful in designing future experiments.

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