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Evaluation of Anthelmintic Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Carica Papaya Leaves Using Paramphistomum Cervi and Haemonchus Contortus

Md. Rabiul Islam*
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

Syeda Fatema Tuz Zahra
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Manarat International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

S. M. Ibrahim Sumon
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

Shahnaj Parvin
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Manarat International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Kamrul Hasan
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Moudud Ahmed
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

Md. Abu Talha Siddique
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

Tazmel Haque
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The aim of this present study is to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of leaves extracts of Carica papaya using Paramphistomum cervi and Haemonchus contortus as the test worms. A range of concentrations (100, 50 and 25%) of ethanolic extracts of C. papaya were tested to assay the procedure. This is mainly applied for the determination of time of death (D) and time of paralysis (P) of the tested worms. After the analysis, it was shown that for the H. contortus at 100% concentration, the paralysis occurred within the shortest time (P=24.5 min) and death came at the lowest possible time (D=56 min). The time of death and paralysis increased at 50% (D=64 min and P=28 min) and 25% concentration (D=74 min and P=34 min), respectively compared to the Piperazine citrate (P= 24 min and D= 54) at concentration of 10 mg/ml. Here, distilled water is as a control solution. The results of this study revealed that the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of the C. papaya expressed a demonstrated paralysis significantly, and also responsible for the death of P. cervi and H. contortus especially at the higher concentration (100%) compared to the standard reference of Piperazine citrate. Therefore, from the results it is declared that the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of C. papaya showed a great anthelmintic activity against P. cervi and H. contortus worms. Hence, the present research work signifies that the leaf of C. papaya has a major anthelmintic activity and also can be used as a potent drug for its low cost and availability.

Keywords: Paramphistomum cervi and Haemonchus contortus, Anthelmintic, Carica papaya leaves, Albendazole

Location: Savar (Dist., Dhaka, Bangladesh)

Start Date: 00-01-2019

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

Carica papaya Linn (caricaceae) is a large, stemmed, singled, herbaceous perennial tree that is cultivated worldwide; it contains huge biologically active compounds, for example: chymopapain and papain. The concentration of these compounds can vary in the latex, fruit, roots and leaves. Additionally, the quantity of the phytochemicals compounds also differs from female and male trees. For example, phenolic compounds are normally found higher in male trees than female trees.

Methodology:

Test material Ethanolic extract of C. papaya leaves Test pathogen (Helminth): H. contortus and P. cervi Leaves collection: The leaves of C. papaya (family Caricaceae) were collected from Savar (Dist., Dhaka, Bangladesh) in January 2019. Test pathogen collection The live parasite (H. contortus and P. cervi) was collected from freshly killed cattle at the local abattoirs. After cleaning, parasites Islam et al. 147 were stored in 0.9% phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) of pH 7.4 prepared with 8.01 g NaCl, 0.20 g KCl, 1.78 g Na2HPO4 and 0.27 g KH2PO4 in 1 L of distilled water at 37±1°C. Preparation of sample To prepare the suspension of extract at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml; 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g of extracts were taken and triturated with 0.2% v/v of Tween 80 as a suspending agent. Final volume was made to 10 ml for respective concentration with PBS. For the preparation of standard albendazole at concentrations of 15 mg/ml; 150 mg of albendazole powder were taken and triturated with 0.2% v/v of Tween 80 as a suspending agent and final volume was made to 10 ml for respective concentration with PBS. Study design The anthelmintic activity of ethanolic leaves extract of C. papaya was examined on the live parasites (H. contortus and P. cervi). The anthelmintic assay procedure was carried out by Mali and Manoj method with some minor modifications (Manoj et al., 2009; Mali, 2007). The Indian adult earthworms (H. contortus and P. cervi) of 5 cm in length and 0.3 cm in width were used here. Three different concentrations of 100, 50 and 25% in distilled water (each of 50 ml preparation) were prepared. Also, the standard solution (Albendazole) was poured in the different Petri dishes. The two earthworms were then washed in the normal saline solution. The time period of paralysis was then recorded whilst no movement was seen unless shaken strongly. After that, the death time period was recorded after making sure that the parasite did not move when shaken forcefully, dipped in the warm water (50°C), or set to the external stimuli. The anthelmintic activity was presented as the time required for the paralysis and the death of parasites in contrast to control.

Source of Information: Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. Vol. 13(12), pp. 146-150, 8 July, 2019 ISSN: 1996-0816

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.5897/AJPP2019.5017

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the end result, it is said that the leaves of C. papaya give a clear idea about major anthelmintic activity compared with standard anthelmintic drug (Albendazole). This drug should be explored further for phytochemical profile to recognize the active constituents responsible for the anthelmintic activity.

Knowledge Management: Journal