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Comparison of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Leaves and Indomethacin in Carrageenan Induced Rat Paw Edema Animal Model

Afroza Sultana
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Mugda Medical College, Mugda, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Asma Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Rumana Afroz
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh;

Onayza Yasmeen
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Muqbula Tasrin Aktar
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Shaheed Taj Uddin Medical College, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Md. Abdullah Yusuf6
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Background: Carica papaya is very useful vegetables for daily living. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves and indomethacin in carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model. Methodology: This was an animal study carried out in the Department of Pharmacology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 for a period of one (01) year. The leaves of Carica Papaya collected from Botanical garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The animals were divided into four groups. Inflammation was produced by injecting 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan solution in normal saline in all experimental animals. Group I were served as control that received normal saline. Group II were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya. Group III were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group IV were received indomethacin. Result: The experiment was carried out on 48 Long Evan Norwegian rats. Rats were divided in 4 groups of six animals each. The mean initial antero-posterior diameter of rat’s paw of group I, II, III and IV were 3.83±0.04, 2.12±0.02, 1.74±0.01 and 1.60±0.03 respectively. The inhibition of edema formation were 44.64%, 54.57% and 58.22% in group II, III and IV respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion the Carica papaya leaves has anti-inflammatory effect.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Ethanolic extract; Carica papaya leaves; Indomethacin; Carrageenan induced; Rat paw edema; Animal model

Location: Department of Pharmacology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-07-2014

End Date: 00-06-2015

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Papaya

Objectives:

The purpose of the present study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves and indomethacin in carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model.

Methodology:

This was an animal study. This study was carried out at the Department of Pharmacology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 for a period of one (1) year. The experiment was carried out on 48 Long Evan Norwegian rats. They were collected from the ICDDRB, Dhaka. The rats were of either sex, weighing between 130 to 160 gm. The rats were kept in the animal house of the Department of Pharmacology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Rats of different groups were kept in different metallic cages. They were allowed to feed on standard laboratory diet and to drink water ad libitum. The plant material i.e. leaves of Carica Papaya collected from Botanical garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The plant was authenticated by National Herbarium, Dhaka and a voucher specimen was deposited. A voucher number was obtained. The voucher number of it is 41888. The leaves of Carica Papaya were cut into pieces shade-dried and grounded to coarse powder and then supplied to “Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS)”, University of Dhaka for making ethanolic extract. At CARS the leaves of Carica Papaya was soaked in Ethanol (800) ml with continuous shaking at 25.C for 3 days and filtered. The organic extract was evaporated under vacuum to obtain a semisolid residue (4.1gm). Indomethacin powder was collected from Novartis pharmaceutical. Carrageenan was collected from the department of pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka. 1% carrageenan solution in normal saline was prepared. Carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model were used in this study. In this method, rats were divided in 4 groups of six animals each. The animals were pre-treated with drugs orally 1 hour before the experiment 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan was injected aseptically into the sub planter surface of right hind paw of each rat. Progress of the local inflammatory exudative lesion was assessed by measuring the maximum linear cross section of the joint at ‘0’ hour and at the end of ‘3’ hours. The measurements were taken as accurately as possible by verniar scale. The difference between the 0 and 3 hours gives the actual edema. Percentage inhibition of edema formation was taken as an index of acute anti-inflammatory activity. The percent inhibition of edema = 100 X (1 – Vt / Vc) Where, Vc = mean paw edema diameter in the control group. Vt = mean paw edema diameter in the drug treated group. The animals were divided into four groups. Inflammation was produced by injecting 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan solution in normal saline in all experimental animals and treated as follows Group I consisted of 6 rats and were served as control that received normal saline in a volume of 0.6 ml one hour before the carrageenan injection. Group II consisted of 6 rats and were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight orally one hour before the carrageenan injection. Group III consisted of 6 rats and were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight orally one hour before carrageenan injection. Group IV consisted of 6 rats and were received indomethacin at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight orally one hour before carrageenan injection. All the results have been expressed as mean plus/minus standard error of mean (mean± SEM). Significance of difference between groups were assessed by using student’s t test with P<0.05 considered as being significant.

Source of Information: Journal of Science Foundation July 2018, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 49-53 ISSN (Print) 1728-7855

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v16i2.40869

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, this study has established the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Further basic and clinical studies are required in order to identify the exact active ingredient, determine the precise mechanism of action and to examine the toxicity of the extract.

Knowledge Management: Journal