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Qualitative Analysis of Mango (mangifera Indica L.) Fruits at Different Maturity Stages

M. Ittafaqul Azad
DAE, Rajshahi

M. Golam Mortuza
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishwardi, Pabna

M. Al-Amin
Biotechnology Division, BARI

M. N. A. Naher
LEAF Project, Inter Cooperation, Rajshahi

S.M. Khorshed Alam*
BARC, New Airport Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Some chemical compositions of mango harvested at 24, 18, 12, 6 days before optimum maturity and at optimum maturity were analyzed. The amount of ascorbic acid, β-carotene and sugars of the harvested mangoes were significantly influenced by the stages of harvest and period of storage. Amount of ascorbic acid of the harvested mango fruits was the highest just after harvest. It was sharply declined with the elapse of time in storage. Fruits harvested before optimum maturity showed the highest amount of ascorbic acid, which decreased in delay of harvest. β-carotene was quite low at harvest but rapidly increased in storage. Fruits harvested before optimum maturity showed minimum β-carotene and it rapidly increased in late harvested fruits. Total sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar were sharply increased at optimum ripe stage, while slightly declined at last edible stage. All the sugars were the lowest at earliest harvests, which increased gradually with delay in harvest.

Keywords: Qualitative analysis, Mango, Ascorbic acid, β-carotene

Location: Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1998

End Date: 00-00-1999

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Mango

Objectives:

The present study was therefore, undertaken to find out the optimum harvest stage of four commercial mango varieties based on the changes of nutritional qualities of harvested mango fruits.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Chapai Nawabganj during 1998-99 fruiting season. Among the most important mango varieties commercially grown at Chapai Nawabganj, four varieties namely Fazli, Khirsapat, Langra and Gopalbhog were selected for this investigation. Among the selected cultivars Gopalbhog is early, Khirsapat and Langra are mid season, while Fazli is late. Fruits were collected from the Regional Horticulture Research Station farm at Chapai Nawabganj. The fruits were harvested at 5 different maturity stages. The first harvest (S1) was done at 24 days before optimum maturity (DBOM), second harvest (S2) at 18 DBOM, third harvest (S3) at 12 DBOM, fourth harvest (S4) at 6 DBOM, and the final harvest (S5) at optimum maturity. The experiment was done in a factorial completely randomized design using three replications. Thirty fruits of uniform size and shape were harvested from each stages of harvest. The optimum stages of harvest was 88 days for Gopalbhog, 92 days for Khirsapat, 105 days for Langra and 120 days for Fazli after fruit set (Shahjahan et al., 1994). Dates of fruit set were noted down for accurate age of the fruits. Thirty fruits of uniform size and shape were harvested from each stages of harvest. Harvested fruits were kept in the laboratory (28 - 37⁰C) for ripening. Ascorbic acid, β-carotine, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars of the mango samples were examined at 3 stages of storage, once just after harvest, once at full ripe and finally at the end of storage period. Chemical composition of the samples was determined at the Biochemistry laboratory of Rajshahi University. Ascorbic acid content of the flesh was estimated by Bessey's titrimetric method (Bessey and King, 1933). β-carotene was determined using methods of Biochemical analysis (Anonymous, 1967). Total sugar content of flesh was estimated by Anthrone method (Jayarman, 1981). The amount of total sugar was calculated from the standard curve of glucose. The percentage of total sugar present in the mango pulp was determined.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 7(1&2): 1-5(2009) ISSN-1729-5211

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study revealed that fruits harvested before optimum maturity showed the highest amount of ascorbic acid which decreased in delay of harvest. β-carotene was quite low at harvest but rapidly increased in storage. The sugar content was the lowest at earliest harvests which increased gradually in late harvested fruits.

Knowledge Management: Journal