2.1 Experimental Site Description The experimental site was selected in the existing Mango orchard of the Agroforestry & Environment Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The geographical location of the 2.1.1. Soil Characteristics The experimental plot was situated in a medium high land belonging to the old Himalayan Piedmont Plain area (AEZ 01). Land was well-drained as drainage system was well developed. The soil texture was sandy loam in nature. The soil contains Sand = 65%, Silt = 30%, Clay = 5%, CEC (meq/100g) = 8.07, pH = 5.35, Organic matter = 1.06%, Total nitrogen = 0.10%, Sodium (meq/100g) = 0.06, Calcium (meq/100g) = 1.30, Magnesium (meq/100g) = 0.40, Potassium (meq/100g) = 0.26, Phosphorus (μg/g) = 24.0, Sulphur (μg/g) = 3.2, Boron (μg/g) = 0.27, Iron (μg/g) = 5.30 and Zinc (μg/g) = 0.90 2.1.2. Climate The experimental site was situated under the tropical climate characterized by heavy rainfall from July to August and scanty rainfall the rest period of the year. In April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December 2014 and January 2015 maximum air temperature was (32.8?C, 13.90C, 33.20C, 32.00C, 32.40C, 32.00C, 31.60C, 28.700C, and 27.200C) and Minimum (21.10C, 21.50C, 23.20C, 25.80C, 26.20C, 25.00C, 21.00C, 19.680C, 18.450C, and 16.100C), RH (83%, 77%, 82%, 85%, 84%, 89%, 90%, 24.77%, 23.56% and 21.65%) and total Rainfall (54, 213, 333, 369, 466, 97, 10, 5, 18 and 12 mm). 2.2. Experimental Period Duration of the experiential period was from April 2014 to February 2015. 2.2.1. Seed Collections Turmeric rhizome was collected from spices research center, Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute, Bogra. BARI Holud-1: Plant height long, life cycle 270 - 280 days, fresh Rhizome weight 400 - 420 g/plant, number of finger/rhizome 7 - 8, Yield 35 - 40 T/h. BARI Holud-2: Plant height medium, life cycle 270- 290 days, fresh Rhizome weight 375 - 380 g/plant, number of finger/rhizome 7 - 8, Yield 30 - 35 T/h, color deep yellow. BARI Holud-3: Plant height medium, life cycle 270 - 290 days, fresh Rhizome weight 400 - 420 g/plant, number of finger/rhizome 7 - 8, Yield 30 - 35 T/h, color deep yellow. 2.2.2. Experimental Design The experiment was laid out following a two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Total number of experimental plot was 9. The size of each unit plot was 5 m × 5 m. Among the two factors, factor A was two production systems; S1 = Mango + Turmeric, S2 = Turmeric on sole cropping. Another factor B was three Turmeric varieties; V1 = BARI Holud-1, V2 = BARI Holud-2, V3 = BARI Holud-3. So there were 6 treatments combinations and these were; S1V1 = Mango + BARI Holud-1, S1V2 = Mango + BARI Holud-2, S1V3 = Mango + BARI Holud-3, S2V1 = sole cropping of BARI Holud-1, S2V2 = sole cropping of BARI Holud-2, and S2V3 = sole cropping of BARI Holud-3. 2.2.3. Structural Description of the Treatments 1st layer (upper layer): Mango tree, Scientific name: Mangifera indica L., Variety: Amropali, Family: Anacardiaceae, Spacing: 5 m × 5 m, Establishment: 2008, Planting direction: East-West, 2nd layer was turmeric. 2.2.4. Crop Establishment The seed rhizome of turmeric was planted maintaining a row to row distance of 50 cm, a plant to plant distance of 25 cm and a depth of 10 cm. The weight of each seed-rhizome was of 15 - 20 g. 2.2.5. Weeding and Irrigation Weeding is done as felt necessary. Ear thing up was done thrice; the first one after 60, the second one after 90 and the final one after 110 days of planting. Some plants were rotten by water logging condition. This condition was controlled by drainage. 2.2.6. Application of Manure, Fertilizer Recommended doses of fertilizers were used as Urea (N@135 kg/ha), TSP (P2O5@30 kg/ha), MP (K2O@90 kg/ha), Gypsum (S@10 kg/ha), Zinc Sulfate (Zn@2 kg/ha), Borax (B@1.5 kg/ha), Cowdung (5 ton/ha). 2.3. Data Collection The heights were measured from the ground level to the tip of the longest shoot at an interval of 30 days starting from 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 DAP. The number of tillers per plant, number of leaves per plant, length of leaf blade and breath of leaf blade data are collected at an interval of 30 days starting from 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 DAP. The number of finger per selected plant was counted at harvest time. The weight of fresh rhizome per selected plant was recorded with the help of a balance at the time of harvest. After harvest, rhizome of 10 selected plants were weighed and dried in an oven for 24 hours at 700C till constant weight. After drying the dry rhizome weighed and mean weight was calculated. 2.4. Data Analysis Data were statistically analyzed using the “Analysis of variance” (ANOVA) technique with the help of computer package MSTAT-C. The mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).