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Planting Distance Effects on Mango-sweet Gourd Agroforestry System in the Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

I. Roy
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. R. Zaman
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur- 5200, Bangladesh.

M. M. Rahman*
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur- 5200, Bangladesh.

M. A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. L. Alam
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur- 5200, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Aims: To evaluate the growth performance of sweet gourd (Cucurbita moschata) under 3.5 years old Mango (Mangifera indicia L.) tree at planting different distances. Study Design: The experiment was laid out following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) arrangement with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Kalibari char which is situated by the side of Brahmaputra River adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period of November 2013 to March 2014. Methodology: The experiment consisted of five different treatments viz. T0 (sole sweet gourd and sole mango trees), T1 (Sweet gourd grown 0- 0.5 m distance from the tree), T2 (Sweet gourd grown 0.5- 1.0 m distance from the tree), T3 (Sweet gourd grown 1.0-1.5 m distance from the tree) and T4 (Sweet gourd grown >1.5 m distance from the tree) and ten mango tree yield. Results: The result showed that different morphological characteristics of sweet gourd were increased gradually with increasing distance from the tree base. The highest yield of sweet gourd was 25.8 t/ha obtained from treatment T0 (Sole sweet gourd). Among the different distances, the highest yield of sweet gourd was 23.7 t/ha in T4 (>1.5 m distances from the tree base) and the lowest was 16.2 t/ha in T1 (0-0.5 m distances from the tree base). On the other hand the best fruit yield of mango (8.6 t/ ha) was recorded in without sweet gourd association. In association with sweet gourd the fruit yield of mango was recorded (5.9 t/ha). Conclusion: The yield of sweet gourd as a vegetable under sole cropping condition gives the best result in association with mango trees, the further the distance from the tree, the higher the yield of sweet gourd.

Keywords: Mango; Sweet gourd; Char land; Agroforestry system

Location: Kalibari char which is situated by the side of Brahmaputra River adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Agroforestry, Mango, Sweet gourd

Objectives:

The current study was undertaken to examine the effect of tree–crop arrangements at varying distances on crop growth and yield performance.

Methodology:

2.1 Experimental Site Description The experiment was carried out on the experimental farm at Char Kalibari, Mymensingh, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The geographical position of char kalibari is 24°45' - 24°45'40'' North and 90°24'4''- 90°24'44'' East. The soil has pH value between 6.5 and 6.8. 2.2 Experimental Design and Crop Husbandry The experiment was laid out following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) arrangement with three replications. Different treatments of this study are as follows: T0 (Sole sweet gourd and sole mango trees), T1 (Sweet gourd grown 0- 0.5 m distance from the tree), T2 (Sweet gourd grown 0.5- 1.0 m distance from the tree), T3 (Sweet gourd grown 1.0-1.5 m distance from the tree), T4 (Sweet gourd grown >1.5 m distance from the tree) and ten mango tree yield. The plot size was 3mx3m. Well decomposed cow dung at the rate of 8 ton/ha were applied in the field. No chemical fertilizer was applied. Emergence of sweet gourd seedling started after 15 days from the date of sowing. Seedlings were thinned out 3/hill to maintain the optimum number of population. No pesticide and fungicide were used in the field for tree-vegetable production. It was kept weed free by weeding. Sweet gourd was harvested at 90 days after seed sowing. 2.3 Data Collection 2.3.1 Sweet gourd Five plant samples were collected randomly from all treatments of the plots for data collection. Data were collected at vegetative stages (20 days after planting and 40 days after planting) and harvesting stage. The following plant characters of sweet gourd were recorded such as vine length (cm), no of primary branch plant-1 , no of leaves branch-1, no. of leaves plant-1 , length of leaf petiole (cm), leaf length (cm), leaf breadth (cm), no. of fruits plant-1, single fruit weight (g), yield of sweet gourd (t/ha) and yield of sweet gourd (kg/plant) at each harvest time. 2.3.2 Mango Ten tree samples were collected randomly from all treatments of the plots for data collection. Data were collected at fruiting stage. The growth characteristics of mango such as, no of branch plant-1, average no of fruit branch-1, no of fruit plant-1, average fruit length, average fruit diameter & average fruit weight (g) were recorded at each harvest time. 2.4 Data Analysis The analysis of variance for each of the measured character was done by F (variance ratio) test following Randomized Complete Block Design by using PC MA-STAT software and wasp2 software package to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Asian Research Journal of Agriculture 2(1): 1-7, 2016, Article no.ARJA.28907

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/ARJA/2016/28907

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study, it is observed that, yield of sweet gourd as a vegetable under open field condition give the best growth performance. However, when associated with mango tree as an agroforestry system. Large spacing gives the best production of sweet gourd. The short planting distance showed less production due to competition among nutrient, water and other growth factors in agroforestry system.

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