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Efficacy of Insecticides and Botanicals Against the Mango Hopper Idioscopus Clypealis

Md Golam Ferdous*
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh

Mahbuba Jahan
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Against the mango hopper Idioscopus clypealis, four insecticides viz., pymetrozine, spinosad, abamectin and acetamiprid and three botanicals (karanj oil, limonene and neem seed kernel extract) were evaluated. Pymetrozine was the most effective against all stages followed by acetamiprid. Among botanicals, limonene was the most effective.

Keywords: Idioscopus clypealis, Pymetrozine, Spinosad, Abamectin, Acetamiprid, limonene, Karanj oil, Neem seed kernel extract

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh Laboratory

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mango

Objectives:

The present study determines the efficacy of limonene extracted from citrus fruits, a botanical insecticide against mango hopper.

Methodology:

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the four insecticides viz., pymetrozine- Plenum 50WG (Syngenta), spinosad -Tracer 45SC (Auto Crop Care), abamectin- Ambush 1.8EC (Haychem), acetamiprid - Bismark 20SP (Larsen Chemicals Industries) at registered doses; and three botanicals obtained from the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh Laboratory viz., karanja oil 2%, limonene 5%, neem seed kernel extract 3%. Limonene was obtained with steam distillation from the outer skin of the orange peel, initially an oily water/ limonene mixture got condensed at a distillation temperature of 98⁰ C. The oily suspension in the final distillate (80 ml) was used and limonene, extracted into a low density water immiscible solvent (ether). The lower layer is the remaining aqueous distillate. To finalize the extraction, the ether layer (b.pt. 37^oC) was evaporated on a water bath to leave the limonene (b.pt. 176^oC). Limonene (150mg) was obtained from 15g of orange peel. The different stages of the hopper were collected from the severely infested mango orchard. The mango leaves with different stages were cut into pieces (3 x 2 cm). To overcome the problem of losses of water from the leaf, the leaf pieces were placed on the water soaked foam (4 x 3x 0.5 cm). Two field collected leaf pieces each containing 10-20 fresh adults/ other stages were kept in one petri dish, which constituted a replication, and thus replicated thrice. The hopper stages were observed with 10x magnifying glass and under stereozoom microscope. The piece of leaf with hoppers was dipped for two seconds in the insecticidal solution. Treated leaves with nymphs were dried for 30 min and adult for 5 min at ambient room temperature. The control leaf was dipped in water only. Mortality of 1st and 2nd instars were recorded at 24 and 48 hr after treatment and 3rd and 4th instar nymphs observed two days after treatment and continued till no further changes. Any change into next stage of the treated individual was considered as alive. For counting the adult mortality 2, 4 and 24 hr after dipping the leaf, the data were recorded. The data were analyzed statistically after appropriate transformation. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used using MSTAT computer software. The mean were separated by DMRT following Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Indian Journal of Entomology, 82(1): 13-15 (2020)

Article Link (Online Journal): DoI No.: 10.5958/0974-8172.2020.00002.4

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The feeding disruption appears to be related to the nervous regulation of feeding behaviour, which consequently results in death due to starvation. All the botanical insecticides were also found effective against mango hopper as they showed maximum mortality at 24 hr after treatment. Among botanical insecticides, limonene showed maximum mortality than others. An experiment conducted by Hollingsworth (2005) on limonene, a citrus extract, for control of mealybugs and scale insects observed 69 to 100% mortality.

Knowledge Management: Journal