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Effects of Kclo3 , Kno3 and Urea on the Flowering and Fruiting of Mango and Longan

N. Nahar
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S.H. Choudhury
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A. Rahim
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different chemicals on the flowering and fruiting of nine years old mango (Mangifera indica) cv. Amrapali and six years old longan (Dimocarpous longan) at the BAU Germplasm Centre, FTIP, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in one fruiting season from November 2008 to July 2009. Amrapali variety of mango and Malaysian longan were taken under study. The different chemicals used were potassium chlorate (KClO₃) (0.93g / ft² canopy ground area), potassium chlorate (KNO₃) 4% and urea at 4%. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. In mango 4% KNO₃ was considered to be the best among the three treatments in terms of earlier emergence of panicle, number of panicles plant-1 , fruit set, number of fruits retained, number of fresh fruits plant-1 and yield. Foliar application of 4% KNO₃ produced the highest number of panicles, highest number of fruits (581.00) and yield (78.18 Kg) plant-1 . KClO₃ performed better than urea but the heaviest fruit (138.60 g) was obtained from urea treated plants. Though KNO₃ showed the earlier emergence of panicle compared to others but the fruits of all treatments attained maturity at the same time. In longan, soil drench application of KClO₃ (0.93g / ft² canopy ground area) was considered to be the best among the three treatments as regard to early emergence of panicle, number of panicles, fruit set, number of fruits retained, number of fresh fruits and yield plant-1 . The highest number of panicles (77.33), number of fruits (83.17) and yield (0.41Kg) plant-1 as well as the heaviest fruit (4.97 g) were produced by the plants treated with KClO₃ which was followed by KNO₃ treated plants.

Keywords: Mango, Longan, KClO3, KNO3, Urea

Location: BAU Germplasm Centre of Fruit Tree Improvement Project (FTIP), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 15-11-2008

End Date: 30-07-2009

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Mango, Longan

Objectives:

In this aspect, the present study was, therefore, undertaken to see the effects of KClO₃, KNO₃ and urea on the flowering and fruiting of mango and longan.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted at the BAU Germplasm Centre of Fruit Tree Improvement Project (FTIP), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from 15 November 2008 to 30 July 2009 which covered one fruiting season for mango and longan. The soil of the Germplasm Centre was silty loam which belongs to the Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain (FAO, 1971). The mango orchard was located at a medium high land, fertile, well drained and slightly acidic with Soil pH 6.5 and 6.3 up to depth of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm, respectively. The experiment was done on 9 years old mango plants of Amrapali and 6 years old longan plants of Malaysian longan. The spacing of the plants was 5 m × 5 m. The single factor experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Two plants were considered as an individual replication. The total number of mango plants was 3 ×3 ×2 = 18 and the total number of longan plants was 3 ×3 ×2 = 18 also. Treatments were (i) KClO₃ ( 0.93g /ft2 canopy ground area ): The solution of KClO3 was prepared by dissolving 1.67 g KClO₃ (Syngenta Chemical Co., Laboratory grade) into 1litre of fresh water. (ii) KNO₃ at 4%: The solution of 4% KNO₃ was prepared by dissolving 40 g of KNO₃ into 1 litre of fresh water with 3 drops of Tween 80. (iii) Urea at 4%: The urea solution of 4% was prepared by dissolving 40 g of urea in 1 litre of fresh water with 3 drops of Tween 80. The data were recorded on the following parameters-date of first panicle emergence, number of panicles plant-1 , fruit set panicle-1 , number of fruits retained panicle-1 , date of harvest, number of fruits plant-1 , yield plant-1 , fruit weight, fruit length, fruit breadth. Statistical analysis was done for LSD.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (1): 31-34, 2010 ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the results obtained from the experiment done during the period of one year, the following conclusions were made (i) Foliar spraying of potassium nitrate caused the earliest panicle emergence and highest number of panicle emergence as well as a maximum number of fruit retentions plant-1 in mango cv. Amrapali will help the growers to extend the yield of mango. Potassium nitrate at 4% applied to the mango plants gave the highest yield, heaviest fruit and improved the fruit quality but it had no effect on the manipulation of harvesting time; (ii) Soil drench application of KClO₃ also had an effect on a number of panicles and yield plant-1 in mango compared to 4% urea treated plant; (iii) Soil drench application of KClO₃ caused earliest panicle emergence and highest number of panicle emergence as well as a maximum number of fruit retention plant-1 in longan species which will help the growers to extend the yield of longan. Potassium chlorate applied to the longan plants gave the highest yield, heaviest fruit and improved the fruit quality; (iv) Foliar spraying of 4% KNO₃ also had little effect on a number of panicles and yield plant-1 in longan and (v) Foliar spraying of 4% urea had little effect on the fruit set panicle-1 in longan but no fruit was retained panicle-1 up to harvest.

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