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Foliar Spray of Gibberellic Acid Influences Morphological Attributes and Foliage Yield of Coriander (coriandrum Sativum L.)

Dhiman Das
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Asim Kumar Bhadra
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Mohd. Moniruzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from December 1, 2016 to January 11, 2017 to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA₃) on vegetative growth, morphological attributes and foliage (leaf) yield of coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.). The experimental treatments consisted of eight different doses of GA₃ viz., 0 (distilled water spray), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ppm. The variety Rosina (Pahuja Co., India) was used as planting material and different doses of GA₃ were applied on the plants at 25 and 30 days after sowing. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. GA₃ had significant effect on vegetative growth, morphology, foliage yield and yield contributing characters of coriander. Plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, leaf length, plant spread and single plant weight were found maximum from the application of GA₃ at 20 ppm, which was closely followed by 25 ppm GA₃. Application of GA₃ at 20 ppm produced the highest weight of foliage m-2. A strong positive correlation of foliage yield was observed with plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf length, plant spread, single plant weight and weight of foliage m^-2. Application of GA₃ at 20 ppm gave maximum foliage yield (9.34 t ha^-1) which was followed by GA₃ at 15 ppm (8.46 t ha^-1) and 25 ppm (8.06 t ha^-1), and the minimum foliage yield was recorded from control (distilled water spray) (4.90 t ha^-1). Application of GA₃ at 20 ppm increased foliage yield over control by 47.54 %. A quadratic relationship between applied GA3 concentration and foliage yield was found; the regression equation was y = 4.87 + 0.375x – 0.009x2 from which it came up to be optimum dose of GA₃ as 20.83 ppm.

Keywords: Gibberellic acid, Morphology, Foliar spray, Coriander, Foliage, Production

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2016

End Date: 00-02-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Coriander

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA) on vegetative growth, morphological attributes and foliage (leaf) yield of coriander.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2016 to February 2017 to examine the effect of foliar spray of gibberellic acid (GA₃) on the growth, morphological attributes and foliage yield of coriander. The farm is located at 90022′ E longitude and 23°4l′ N latitude at an altitude of 8.6 meters above the sea level. The land belongs to Agro-ecological zone of Modhupur Tract, AEZ-28. The soil was sandy loam in texture having pH 5.47 - 5.63. Coriander variety Rosinan (Pahuza seed Co., India) was used as a test crop. The seed was collected from Siddiq Bazzar, Gulistan, Dhaka. Manures and fertilizers were applied at the rate of cowdung 5 t ha^-1, N-P-K: 60-11-25 kg ha^-1 (Moniruzzman, 2011). The source of N, P and K was Urea, Tripple Super Phosphate (TSP) and Muriate of potash (MoP). The entire amount of cowdung, phosphorus and potassium with the half of nitrogen was applied during final land preparation. The rest of the nitrogen was top dressed at 30 days after sowing of seeds. The experiment consisted of 8 different doses of gibberellic acid (GA₃) (G0 = 0 ppm, G1 = 5 ppm, G2 = 10 ppm, G3= 15 ppm, G4= 20 ppm, G5= 25 ppm, G6= 30 ppm and G7= 35 ppm). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The unit plot size was 3 m x 1 m (3.00 m²). The seeds (fruits) were rubbed for separating the two mericarps and were soaked in water for 24 hours to facilitate germination. Seeds were also treated with Bavistin @ 2 g per kg of seeds before sowing and were sown in rows 20 cm apart continuously by hand @ 40 kg ha^-1. To allow uniform sowing in rows seeds were mixed with some loose soil (about four to five times of weight of seeds). The seeds were covered with good pulverized soil just after sowing and gently pressed by hands. The sowing was done on December 1, 2016 with slight watering just to supply sufficient moisture needed for quick germination. Gibberellic acid solutions were applied in two installments. First spray was done at 2 to 4 true leaf (fully expanded) stage of seedlings with the help of a hand sprayer (2 litre volume) on 5th January, 2017. Two liters spray volume of each GA₃ concentration was sprayed to the plants. Second spray was done after 7 d of 1st spray. For control plants, distilled water was sprayed. The field was kept weed free by hand weeding. Weeding was done after 35 days after sowing (DAS). For good germination water was given to the plots every two days by water can with fine mashed nozzle till germination. Then two irrigations were given at 25 and 35 days after sowing. There was no disease incidence and insect infestation to the crops. Unit plot was divided into three portions, each measuring 1.0 square meter. Ten plants from each portion of the plot were selected as random and were tagged for the data collection. Ten plants from two portions of the unit plot were harvested separately at 28 DAS and 35 DAS by cutting just beneath the soil and data on plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, length of the largest leaf (cm), plant spread (cm), individual plant weight (g) and dry weight of individual plant (g) were recorded. Final harvesting of all plants from the unit plot was done on 11 January 2017 by cutting just beneath the soil when few plants were seen to bolt at 42 DAS, and from the selected ten plants of the third portion of unit plot data on plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, length of the largest leaf (cm), plant spread (cm), individual plant weight (g) and dry weight of individual plant (g) were taken; data on other parameters (number of plants per square meter, weight of foliage per square meter (kg) and foliage yield per plot (kg) were also recorded. Foliage yield per plot (kg) was converted to per hectare yield (t ha^-1). Data were statistically analyzed by using MSTAT C statistical package programme. Significance of differences between pairs of treatment means was evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level of probability by DMRT.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2018 : 01-09. ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

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Achievement/Findings:

The research was conducted to observe the influence of gibberellic acid on coriander leaf (foliage) production. Spraying of GA₃ @ 20 ppm twice at 25 and 30 days after sowing, produced maximum plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, leaf length, plant spread, single plant weight and weight of foliage m^-2 and as a result, the highest foliage yield was obtained from the application of GA₃ at 20 ppm. Thus, foliar application of GA₃ @ 20 ppm twice at 25 and 30 days after sowing can be recommended for obtaining maximum yield of fresh leaf (foliage) of coriander.

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