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Prevalence of Fascioliasis in Cattle at Dumuria Upazila of Khulna District

Sourav Mallick
Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Babugonj, Barisal 8210, Bangladesh

Md. Abdullah Al Mansur
Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Babugonj, Barisal 8210, Bangladesh

DhritiSundhar Biswas
Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Babugonj, Barisal 8210, Bangladesh

Sankar Prosad Mandol
Upazila Livestock Officer, Dumuria, Khulna, Bangladesh

Mst. Soaiba Akhter
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Md. Asaduzzaman Rimon
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at Dumuria Upazila in Khulna district during 28 September 2014 to 20 January 2015. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of fascioliasis based on fecal examination and clinical signs. Total number of 135 cattle was affected with fascioliasis out of 234 cattle attended to the hospital. The present study reveals the rate of parasitic (fascioliasis) infestation was 57.69%. During fecal examination it was recorded that 1-2 years old (57.78%), 2-4 years old (28.87%), 4-6 years old (13.45%) were fasciola affected. It was found that about 68.06% fasciola affected animals were crossbred and 31.94% were indigenous. It also observed that 64.44% female and35.56% male were fasciola affected due to sex. About 26.67% stall feeding animals and 73.33% grazing animals were fasciola affected on the basis of feeding.

Keywords: Fasciola, Cattle, Prevalence, Faeces, Examination.

Location: Dumuria Upazilla in Khulna district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 28-09-2014

End Date: 20-01-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle, Feed

Objectives:

The present study was designed with the following objectives-

♦ To determine the prevalence of fascioliasis cattle of Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Dumuria, Khulna district.

♦ To determine the magnitude of infestation in different age, sex and season in cattle.

Methodology:

Selection of study area: This study was conducted for a period of approximately 4 months at Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Dumuria Khulna. Most of the patients of that time were come with malnutrition along with parasitic infestation. As the selected area was low laying the parasitic infestation was comparatively higher than other area. Selection of study population and their source: The farmers from the villages surrounding the Upazila brought their cows to Upazila veterinary Hospital, Dumuria, Khulna for various treatment purposes. The suspected 135 animals showed characteristic clinical signs (poor body condition, weakness, rough hair coat anorexia, anemia, diarrhea, accumulation of fluid under the jaw (named bottle jaw) etc. which were taken as suspected cases. Fecal samples were collected from rectum just after defecation of that suspected animal and taken in polythene. Background of the study: The people of this area were very much interested to rear cattle. The density of cattle population is very high. The study is done 28 September 2014 to 20 January 2015. It is low land area than other high land area that is susceptible for fascioliasis in livestock. Method of Data collection: A questionnaire was developed for data collection from the farmers along with other necessary records. The farmers with their cows were individually interviewed. Physical examination was done for each attending. Simultaneously faecal examination was performed to examine in the cattle. The following data were collected based on questionnaire survey- 1) Breed, 2) Age of the cow, 3) Pasturing, 4) Sex, 5) Feeding, 6) Watering, 7) Area, 8) Diagnostic and therapeutic protocol used Prevalence of Fascioliasis in Cattle at DumuriaUpazila of Khulna.

Collection of data: Rainfall and season is the most important for snail (Lymnaeaauricularia) development which act as intermediate host of fasciola species. Temperature is also important for growth and development of Fasciola and snail, younger animals were more susceptible than adult. Crossbreed cattle were highly susceptible than indigenous. Animals those were grazing in pasture especially low land area commonly affected by Fasciola. Clinical data:

♦ Accumulation of fluid under jaw (Bottle jaw)

♦ Inappetance

♦ Depression ? Weakness

♦ Loss of body weight

♦ Diarrhoea

♦ Pale mucous membrane.

♦ Rough hair coat

Collection of sample for examination: Fecal samples were collected from 234 suspected cattle of Dumuria Upazilla in Khulna district were examined. 10 gram of fecal samples were collected from the rectum of cattle just after defecation by hand that was kept in a polythene bags and were examined by Direct smear method (Rahman et al.,1991, 1996). Fecal sample: From rectum Amount: 10 gm Examination Technique: To diagnose fascioliasis, the fecal samples were examined under microscope after processing of sample by direct smear method. Direct smear method: A loop of fecal sample was taken on a glass slide thoroughly dilated with few drop of water, covered with cover slip and examined under microscope using both low and high power magnification for the presence and identification of fasciola egg. (Rahman et al. 1996). Observation of the treated animal: When contact with the respective owner after 8 days of treatment given, It was observed that about 95% of animals were recovered and their physical examination was good and on fecal examination, no eggs were found under the microscope. Other animals were treated again for recovery. Mainly physical examinations were done for observation after treatment in Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Dumuria, Khulna.

Source of Information: Bangladesh livestock journal. 2018. 1: 18-21; ISSN 2409-7691

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The overall prevalence of fascioliasis based on fecal sample examination 57.69%. The prevalence rate was high due to late rainy season and early winter and also high intermediate host (snail). The prevalence of fascioliasis was higherin female than the male animals, this may be due to females were weaker and immunologically more susceptible to fascioliasis than male ones. The parasites need intermediate host for completion of life cycle. In Bangladesh, prevalence of disease varies takes place depending upon the presence of intermediate host, number of susceptible animals and some other epidemiological factors. Special care should be taken to control the fascioliasis by adopting strategic measures in farm animals to prevent the loss of production.

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