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Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Diseases and Associated Risk Factors in Domestic Pigeons (columba Livia) in Rajshahi Division of Bangladesh

Tanjila Khanum
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Shaziea Rahman
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M Mahbubur Rahman
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Rashida Khaton
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Soshe Ahmed
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Aurangazeb Kabir
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md. Jabl Uddin Sarder
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

MA Baree
Dept. of Crop Science and Technology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Context: Pigeons probably originally the rock dove in Europe, have been partially domesticated and carried to all parts of the world. The gastro-intestinal tracts of pigeon s harbor a wide variety of helminthes, of which nematodes are the most deleterious parasites and are responsible for clinical and sub-clinical parasitism. Objective: The present studies was under taken for calculation of prevalence of parasitic diseases in pigeon in relation to breed, age, farm type and region and determine the rate of infection with the different species of parasites. The present research was undertaken for the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in Pigeons from January 2015 to December 2015. Total 3 different species of parasites were recorded in this study. Those were Ascaridia columbae, Capillilaria obsignata, Raillietina tetragona. During this study, prevalence of parasitic infections according to age, breed, farming system and regions were recorded. Results: Out of 263 fecal samples positive case was 114 and all were endoparasites. The rate of infection was Ascariasis 22.81%, Capillariasis 8.63% and Raillietinasis 1.90%. The helminthes were significantly more prevalent in adults (50%) than in young (22.22%). Indigenous breeds are more prevalent in parasitic infection (63.47%) than exotic breeds (36%). In traditional farming system the rate of infection is more (71.16%) than commercial farming system (31.14%). Among three districts Rajshahi, Natore, Pabna the rate of infection is high in Pabna (68.32%) than Natore (57.84%) and then Rajshahi (33.33%). All the differences were statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Adult pigeons (50%), Indigenous breeds (63.47%), traditional farming system (71.16%) and Pabna (68.32%) were more susceptible to parasites infection in the study area. At the same time the efficacy rate of anthelmintics at 21th day in young and adult are 86.36% and 65.51%, respectively.

Keywords: Prevalence, Gastrointestinal Parasitic, Risk factors, Domestic pigeons

Location: Different districts of Rajshahi division, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2015

End Date: 00-12-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Pigeon, Diseases

Objectives:

The following Objectives:

1. To evaluate the prevalence of parasitic diseases of pigeon in relation to breed, age, farm type and region.

2. To determine the rate of infection with the different species of parasites.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted the pigeon farm both the traditional and commercial which are located at different districts of Rajshahi division of to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite of pigeon. The area and the farm were selected purposefully and randomly from January 2015 to December 2015. Keeping in view the objectives of the study, the farm was also chosen on information that owner of this farm had been rearing pigeons of different varieties since long time. Three districts of Rajshahi division namely, Rajshahi, Natore and Pabna, were included the present research. A total 263 samples were collected from 45 farms each district from 15 pigeon farms which have at least >10 pairs of pigeon. Houses for pigeons are generally called lofts. There are no real constraints on the design of housing for pigeons. There are different types of housing system of pigeon. The data were collected directly from the pigeon owners using questionnaires, and diagnosis of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases was made on the basis of the history, clinical signs, clinical examination, gross lesions and response to treatment. The important information was collected by using questionnaire and the obtained prevalence was compared to breed, age, farming system and region. Fecal sample examination for identification of parasite egg Direct smear method A drop of water is pleased on the center of a clean glass slide. A small amount of feces is detached from the given sample with the help of tooth peck and spread out to form a thin smear. This can be done gently drawing the coarse particles towards a side on the glass slide. A suitable cover slip may preferably be put over the smear and the slide is then placed under the low power objective of a microscope for examination. Post-mortem operation techniques for identification of adult parasite The postmortem carcass observed live parasite in the small intestine. Routine examinations: This was made of the entire alimentary tract, respiratory system, liver, heart, kidney and reproductive tract as follows. The nematodes and cestodes removed and washed by water and a number of nematodes were cleared in lacto phenol for identification and the rest of them stored in 70% alcohol containing 5% glycerin for parasitological examination. Statistical Analysis: The raw data was sorted, computed and statistically analyzed to calculate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite of pigeon in relation to different factor and the efficacy of anthelmintics were calculated in percentage (%). Statistical analysis was done by DMRT and student t-test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh livestock journal. 2018. 1: 37-39; ISSN 2409-7691

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study showed that, helminthes were significantly more prevalent in adults than in young. Indigenous breeds are more susceptible in parasitic infection than exotic breeds. In traditional farming system the rate of infection is more than commercial farming system. The trend of infection higher to lower was in Pabna, Natore than Rajshahi, respectively among three districts. From the present study it may be concluded that nematodes like Ascaridia columbae, Capillaria obsignata and Ascaridia galli are common nematodes in wild and domestic pigeon.

Knowledge Management: Journal