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Biometry of Ovary in Different Ruminant Animals

Md. Reazul Islam
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi and Department of Preclinical Courses, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gono Bishwabidyalay

Rashida khaton
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi

Md. Hemayatul Islam
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi

Md. Niyamat Ullah
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi

Soniya Akter Nishi
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi

Bobi Rani Paul
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi

Md. Jalal Uddin Sarder
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Context: To establish a baseline data about the measurement of ovary of Cattle, Goat, Sheep and Buffalo. Objectives: Estimation of biometry of ovary in different ruminant animals. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 ovaries (Cow=50, Goat=50, Sheep=50, Buffalo=30) were studied from different slaughter houses of Rajshahi city corporation. The length, width and thickness of ovary were taken with the help of Slide Calipers. The weight of ovary was taken with the help of electrical weighing balance and finally Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) was performed to observe significant differences of ovaries and genital tract. Results: The results of the study revealed that the average mean length of right ovary of Cattle, Goat, Sheep, Buffalo were recorded as 2.52 ± 0.05, 1.51 ± 0.05, 1.17 ± 0.03 cm and 2.57 ± 0.06 cm, respectively that of the left ovary 2.41 ± 0.05, 1.38 ± 0.05 cm, 1.12 ± 0.04 cm and 3.29 ± 0.13 cm, respectively. The width of right ovary was recorded as 1.88 ± 0.06, 1.13 ± 0.06, 0.79 ± 0.03 cm and 2.03± 0.07 cm, respectively that of the left ovary 1.80 ± 0.06, 0.96 ± 0.04, 0.76 ± 0.04 cm and 2.03± 0.07 cm, respectively. The thickness of right ovary was recorded as 1.58 ± 0.06, 0.73 ± 0.02, 0.65 ± 0.07 cm and 1.66± 0.06 cm, respectively that of the left ovary 1.59 ± 0.05, 0.69 ± 0.03, 0.55 ± 0.03 cm and 1.70± 0.06 cm, respectively. The weight of right ovary of Cattle, Goat, Sheep, Buffalo were recorded as 2.52 ± 0.05, 1.51 ± 0.05 and 1.17 ± 0.03 gm, respectively that of the left ovary 3.87 ± 0.12, 0.70 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.04 cm and 3.28± 0.13 gm, respectively. Conclusions: The average means length, width and thickness of right ovary is more than the left ovary of experimental animals. It may be concluded that the biometry of ovary help to do proper artificial insemination thus improve reproductive performance of ruminant livestock for sustainable farming in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Biometry, Ovary, Ruminant, Animals

Location: The laboratory of the Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-06-2017

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Animal

Objectives:

To evaluate the “Comparative biometry of ovary among ruminant livestock” for sustainable livestock farming in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The biometrical study was conducted at the laboratory of the Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi from July, 2016 to June, 2017. Sample was collected from different slaughter houses (Shaheb bazar, Shalbagan, Binodpur bazar and Katakhali) of Rajshahi City Corporation. Description of animals: Cross-bred cattle are mainly Holstein Friesian and Sahiwal. Approximately 20% animals are crossed in Bangladesh. Indigenous cattle are found everywhere of the country has no definite characteristics and constitute about 80% of indigenous cattle population of the country. Their coat color varies from red, grey, white, black or a mixture of them in different proportion. They are of various sized animals possessing high level of phenotypic variation for most of the economic traits. They are of sole source of draught power of the subsistence farming system of the country. Major goat population constitutes Black Bengal Goat though some other breeds are also found around the country. Local sheep are available in the research area with small number of Garole sheep. Both Swamp type and river type Buffalo was found in the research area during the research period. Grouping of experimental animals: To achieve the goal, animals were grouped according to following considering factors-Breed (Cow: Local, L × HF and L × SL;Goat: Black Bengal, Shirohi, Jamunapari, Sheep: Local sheep, Garole sheep; Buffalo: Swamp type, River type), Age group (Cow and Buffalo: <3 yrs, 3 ≤5 yrs, >5 yrs; Goat and Sheep: < 6 M, 6 M ≤ 1 yrs, 1 yrs ≤ 2yrs), Status of animal (cows and Buffalo cows: Heifer, cows; Goat and Sheep: Nulliparous, Multiparous), Body condition score (Poor, Medium, Good). Procedure for collection of samples: After slaughtering, the reproductive tracts were separated from the pelvic viscera by dissection after sawing through the pelvic symphysis, the broad ligaments, the loose connective tissue and fat surrounding the vulva and the retroperitoneal part of the vagina were removed as far as possible. Excess fat and other tissues surrounding the ovaries were discarded by careful dissection to clear the organs for a better examination. Methods of gross observation and measurement of ovaries: The observations of ovaries were done under broad day light. Grossly the entire ovaries were examined for the presence of any detectable abnormalities. After separating the broad ligaments the measurements of the organs were taken by different types of measuring instruments such as measuring tape, measuring scale, slide calipers, digital weight machine etc. Examination procedure: After collection of reproductive organs are transferred to the laboratory in physiological saline of 30 to 38ºc within 30 minutes of slaughter. As documented by Wilson, 1995; the ovaries were removed at their junction with the ovarian ligament as close to the ovarian tissue as possible after the fimbria was removed. The following parameters were observed. The length of ovary was taken along the excision from the ovarian ligament with the help of Slide Calipers. Statistical analysis: The measurement of different parts of genital organs of dairy cows was recorded using computer package programme. Simple ANOVA was performed considering the age of dairy cows and to observe the significant differences among the mean values. The Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) was performed to observe significant differences of ovaries and genital tract in between different genotypes, age, body weight groups and parities of dairy cows. Data were presented as Mean±SE. All analysis was performed using SPSS software version 17.0. P<0.05 was considered as significant.

Source of Information: Bangladesh livestock journal. 2018. 1: 44-48; ISSN 2409-7691

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the study revealed that the average mean length of right ovary of Cattle, Goat, Sheep, Buffalo were recorded as 2.52 ± 0.05, 1.51 ± 0.05, 1.17 ± 0.03 cm and 2.57 ± 0.06 cm, respectively that of the left ovary 2.41 ± 0.05, 1.38 ± 0.05 cm, 1.12 ± 0.04 cm and 3.29 ± 0.13 cm, respectively. The width of right ovary was recorded as 1.88 ± 0.06, 1.13 ± 0.06, 0.79 ± 0.03 cm and 2.03± 0.07 cm, respectively that of the left ovary 1.80 ± 0.06, 0.96 ± 0.04, 0.76 ± 0.04 cm and 2.03± 0.07 cm, respectively. The thickness of right ovary was recorded as 1.58 ± 0.06, 0.73 ± 0.02, 0.65 ± 0.07 cm and 1.66± 0.06 cm, respectively that of the left ovary 1.59 ± 0.05, 0.69 ± 0.03, 0.55 ± 0.03 cm and 1.70± 0.06 cm, respectively. The weight of right ovary of Cattle, Goat, Sheep, Buffalo were recorded as 2.52 ± 0.05, 1.51 ± 0.05 and 1.17 ± 0.03 gm, respectively that of the left ovary 3.87 ± 0.12, 0.70 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.04 cm and 3.28± 0.13 gm. A number of factors influence the proper development of ovarian biometry and ovarian disorders including the species and pathogenecity of the causative agent, the cellular and immunological defensive mechanisms, hormonal imbalance, and dietary status of the animal concerned, introduction of cross breeding programme among high yielding verities of cows and environmental sanitation. In addition to this lack of proper education or hygienic management of the postpartum cows and limited veterinary services has aggravated the situation. Therefore, in order to combat the occurrence of ovarian problems cross breeding programme through artificial insemination must be performed by skilled personnel under adequate veterinary inspection and increase cautious farming management. The etiology of having other conditions could be due to bacterial infection in the genital tract, nutritional deficiency/imbalance or stresses required further investigation.

Knowledge Management: Journal