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Pathogenecity of E. Coli in Mice Isolated from Fecal Samples of Zoo Animals

Sharmin Aktar
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Sukumar Saha
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Md.Jalal Uddin Sarder
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md. Munsurul Amin
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Hemayatul Islam
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Jaidul Hassan
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman Khan
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Banglades

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Objectives: Certain strains of E. coli produce potentially lethal toxins. Food poisoning caused by E. coli can result from eating unwashed vegetables or poorly butchered meat which delivered to Zoo animals. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 samples were collected aseptically and subjected to primary isolation by propagating in nutrient broth followed by culture on different agar media. Gram’s staining and hanging drop techniques were also performed. Biochemical properties of the isolates were studied. Pathogenicity of 50 representative E. coli isolates was determined by lethality assay in adult mice models. E. coli was isolated successfully from 27 Samples out of 31 samples collected from seven species of animals of Rajshahi Zoo and 22 samples out of 31 samples collected from seven species of animals of Dhaka Zoo. All the E. coli isolates were found to produce bright pink colonies on MacConkey agar, yellowish green colonies surrounded by an intense yellow-green zone on Brilliant Green (BG) agar and characteristic metallic sheen colonies on the Eosine Methyline Blue (EMB) agar. In Gram’s staining technique, all the isolates were pink coloured, indicating Gram negative small bacilli while in the hanging drop technique the organisms were motile. Results: All the E. coli isolates fermented dextrose, maltose, lactose, sucrose and mannitol with the production of both acid and gas. The results of catalase, MR and indole tests with E. coli isolates were positive but V-P test was negative. In the mice lethality assay, 5 E. coli isolates were virulent causing 10% death of the mice. Conclusion: After mice lethality assay five pathogenic E. coli mainly isolated from carnivore animals in Dhaka zoo and Herbivore animals in Rajshahi zoo. Among five pathogenic E. coli, three of them found from Rajshahi zoo animals and two from Dhaka zoo animals.

Keywords: Escherichia coli, PCR, Pathogenicity, Zoo animal.

Location: The Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural university (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2012

End Date: 00-11-2012

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Vertebrate

Objectives:

♦ Isolation and identification of E. coli originating from faeces of zoo animal and

♦ Pathogenecity studies of E. coli isolates of Zoo animals in mice.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted in the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural university (BAU), Mymensingh-2202 during the period of January 2012 to November 2012. A total of 62 fecal samples were collected from 7 different animals (Monkey, Bear, Lion, Deer, Baboon, Ass and Hayana) of two different Zoo (31 samples from each Zoo: 13 Monkey, 1 Bear, 1 Lion, 10 Deer, 4 Baboon, 1 Ass and 1 Hayana), Dhaka Zoo and Rajshahi Zoo. All the samples were cultured primarily in nutrient broth at 37ºC for 18-24 h, then subcultured onto the MacConkey, brilliant green and EMB agar by streak plate method (Cheesbrough, 1985) to observe the colony morphology (shape, size, surface texture, edge and elevation, colour, opacity etc). The organisms showing characteristic colony morphology of E. coli was repeatedly subcultured on to EMB agar until the pure culture with homogenous colonies were obtained. Gram’s staining was performed as per procedures described by Merchant and Packer (1969) to determine the size, shape and arrangement of bacteria. The organisms revealed gram negative, pink colored with rod shaped appearance and arranged in single or in pair were suspected as E. coli. The motility test was performed by hanging drop technique as described by Cowan (1985) to differentiate the motile bacteria from the non-motile one. Hanging drop slide was prepared by broth culture and examined under 100X power objective. The motile organisms were suspected as E. coli. Several biochemical tests were performed for confirmation of the culture. The biochemical tests were sugar fermentation tests, indole test, methyl red (MR) test, Voge’s Proskauer (VP) test, catalase test etc. Pathogenicity of 50 representative E. coli isolates was determined by lethality assay in adult mice models.

Source of Information: Bangladesh livestock journal. 2015. 1: 23-25; ISSN 2409-7691

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, our result showed that E. coli isolated from different animal fecal samples were found to be varied in virulence from high to avirulent and Mice lethality assay was assumed to be the best model for discriminating virulent and avirulent E. coli. Five E. coli isolates were pathogenic form among fifty E. coli isolates.

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