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Biometrical and Histological Studies on the Epididymis of Ram in Chars of Pabna Region

Md. Sarif Ahmmad
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Md. Najmul Hassan Parvez
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Khadija Al Ferdous
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Md. Sadequl Islam
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Objectives: The objectives of this research were to study gross anatomy including length, weight, size, shape, volume and circumference; and the microscopic structures of the epididymis with the special emphasis on the biometrical comparison between left and right epididymis. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, epididymides of six adult rams were used and biometrical values were recorded. For microscopic studies, tissue samples were excised from the epididymis, fixed in 10% formalin solution and embedded in paraffin. Cross-sections (6 µm thickness) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and evaluated the histological structures of the epididymal caput, corpus and cauda. Statistical analysis of the data was done by paired sample t-test using SPSS 16.0 program. Result: The mean values of length, weight, volume and circumference along with of the left epididymis were 19.58±0.18 cm, 11.65±0.17 gm, 13.65±0.01 ml and 14.27±0.11 cm and for right epididymis 19.53±0.15 cm, 11.41±0.13 gm, 13.65±0.00 ml and 14.22±0.07 cm, respectively. The mean value of caput weight, corpus weight and cauda weight for left epididymis were 4.05±0.06 gm, 1.61±0.02 gm and 5.99±0.09 gm, for right epididymis 3.97±0.05 gm, 1.58±0.02 gm and 5.87±0.07 gm respectively. The mean value of caput length, corpus length and cauda length for left epididymis were 9.35±0.171 cm, 8.450±0.096 cm and 1.783±0.069 cm, for right epididymis 9.35±0.171 cm, 8.417±0.09 cm and 1.767±0.047 cm, respectively. The ductus epididymis is lined with a pseudostratified stereociliated columnar epithelium surrounded by a small amount of loose connective tissue and circular smooth muscle fibers. Few sperm were found in the initial segment, but a large mass of sperm aggregates in the cauda. Conclusion: Grossly the length, weight, volume and circumference of the left epididymis is higher than that of the right and histologically the ductus epididymis is lined with a pseudostratified stereociliated columnar epithelium surrounded by a small amount of loose connective tissue and circular smooth muscle fibers and a large mass of sperm aggregates in the cauda of the epididymis.

Keywords: Epididymis, Biometrical, Ram, Histology

Location: The Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-07-2013

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Animal

Objectives:

The following objectives:

1. To study the gross anatomy of the epididymis of rams.

2. To compare the gross anatomy between the left and right epididymis of rams. and

3. To study the histology of the epididymis of rams.

Methodology:

The research work was carried out on epididymis both left and right of six rams for the gross and microscopic study, in the Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur in the month of July to December, 2013. Sample collection: Six adult (n=6), sexually mature rams, aged from 14 to 18 months were selected in different chars of Pabna district, then the reproductive system of rams was collected through local butchers before the collection of the epididymis. The age of each ram was 14 months (n=2; 18 kg, 18.5 kg), 16 months (n=2; 19 kg, 19.3 kg), 18 months (n=2; 20 kg, 19.6 kg) assessed by observing the pattern of teeth eruption (Rahman et al., 2004) and by the history of the birth of ram kid. All the experimental animals have examined general health status and the appearance of genitalia. The testes and epididymis were palpated and observed to their size, shape, free movement and position of the scrotum. The skin was observed for any kind of lesions. After the physical examination of the ram, the scrotal circumference was measured and then slaughtered ram. The spermatic cord, vas deference and testis were dissected from the main part of the epididymis to determine the biometrical values. Gross anatomical study: The caput (head), corpus (body) and cauda (tail) three-part of the epididymis was detected and marks. The circumference of the epididymis along with testes was measured by encircling a graduated. The length of the left and right epididymis was measured along their long axis from head to tail at the maximum distance by a graduated. The epididymal volume was measured volumetrically using the Archimedes principles of water displacement in a measuring cylinder and the result recorded. Histological study: For the histological study, the samples were undergone through some process for permanent slide preparation. Immediately after the biometrical study, epididymis tissue was dissected out into small pieces for histological study. Tissues pieces were taken from three-part caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis. The retrieved tissue pieces were transferred from neutral buffered formalin solution to Bouin's fluid and kept for fixation for 24 hours. The fixed tissues were then dehydrated by transferring through submerging progressively more concentrated ethanol (70%, 80%, 90%, 95% and 100% absolute). The tissue was kept for 1hour in each grade of ethanol, and then transferred in a hydrophobic clearing agent, xylene in two changes to remove the ethanol. In both case, tissue was kept for 90 minutes. The tissues were then infiltrated with two changes in liquid paraffin in the oven for 2 hours. Microscopic observation: The stained tissue sections of the epididymis of ram were studied under a compound binocular microscope (Abbota Corporation, USA). The evaluation included tubular diameter and examining tubular morphology and the germ cell type present in the lumen of the section. Photography: For a histological study of the epididymis, images were captured from random areas. Photographs from the selected specimens were prepared and placed for better illustrations of the results. Statistical analysis: The data recording the study of the left and right epididymis were tabulated and subjected to analysis. Statistical analysis of the data was done by paired sample t-test using SPSS 16.0 programme. The length, volume, weight and circumference between the left and right epididymis were compared by t-test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh livestock journal. 2015. 1: 35-38; ISSN 2409-7691

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Achievement/Findings:

The weight of the left and right was unequal and the left epididymis was heavier in weight than the right one. The left epididymal was slightly larger in volume than right one. The ductus epididymis is lined with a pseudo stratified stereociliated columnar epithelium surrounded by a small amount of loose connective tissue and circular smooth muscle fibers.There are layers of smooth muscles outside the epithelium. The thickness of the epididymal epithelium varies with the thickest portion in the proximal caput and the thinnest in the caudal region. Conversely, the luminal diameter and the thickness of the peritubular smooth muscle increases from the proximal to the distal regions. Few sperm are found in the initial segment, but a large mass of sperm aggregates are located in the cauda. Within the interstitial spaces found the loose connective tissue.

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