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Anatomy of Ureter of a Holstein-friesian Cow: a Case Study

Md. Royhan Gofur
Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Knowledge of the anatomy of the ureter is essential during the manipulation of pelvic organs and surgery of animals. The study was conducted macroscopically to understand the anatomy of the ureter of a Holstein-Friesian cow (2 years old). The ureters, paired muscular ducts, were originated with four roots, course retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdomen and opened at the dorsal surface of the urinary bladder near its neck obliquely. The entire ureter had a fairly even caliber except for its origin. The average length and diameter of ureters were 77 cm and 0.9 cm respectively.

Keywords: Anatomy, Ureter, Holstein-Friesian cow, Cow

Location: Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cow, Diseases

Objectives:

To understand the anatomy of ureter of cattle.

Methodology:

The study was conducted on a Holstein-Friesian cow (2 years old). The gross study was made by close eye inspection and the length and diameter of the ureter were measured by measuring tape. The ureters were paired muscular ducts with narrow lumina that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder same as described by Anderson et al., 2007 and Brooks, 2007. The length of the intramuscular course guards against reflux of urine into the ureter when the pressure raised within the urinary bladder (Dyce et al., 2002). I found four roots of ureters. In most domestic species, the ureter begins in a common expansion, the renal pelvis, into which all papillary ducts open. In cattle, however, the ureter was formed by a coming together of the short passages (roots) that lead from the calices that enclose the individual renal papillae. My finding supports the observation by Dyce et al., 2002. Each root may drain urine from a separate lobe of the kidney as bovine kidneys are multipyramidal type and lobulated (Getty, 1975; Dyce et al., 2002; Carvalho et al., 2009). The remaining tubular part of each ureter had a fairly even calibre. The length and diameter of ureters were 77 cm and 0.9 cm respectively. The length and diameter were larger than as described by Getty, 1975 (Length 70 cm and diameter 6-8 mm, as horse) and Ghosh, 1995 (Length 60 cm and diameter 6-8 mm). They were retroperitoneal and followed a course along the abdominal roof. On reaching the pelvic cavity, the ureters bend medially to enter the broad ligament in the cow.

Source of Information: Bangladesh livestock journal. 2015. 1: 44-45; ISSN 2409-7691

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The ureters were originated with four roots, course retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdomen and opened at the dorsal surface of the urinary bladder near its neck obliquely.

Knowledge Management: Journal