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Beneficial Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Lipid Profile and Histotexture of Heart in Swiss Albino Mice

T. Saha
Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

K. M. Sujan
Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Z. Haque
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. K. Islam
Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Intermittent fasting (IF) is a form of time restricted eating which has gained popularity in recent years and proposed benefits include the improvement of lipid profile and the body weight loss, has gained considerable scientific and popular repercussion. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of IF on lipid profile and histomorphological changes of heart in mice. A total of 18 Swiss Albino Mice (Mus musculus), 28-35 days old with an average body weight of 26.2 ± 1 gm were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was considered as control (n=6) and fed on standard mice pellet and fresh drinking water. Group B was considered as 14 hours fasting group (n=6), kept fasting for 14 hrs. and Group C was considered as 18 hours fasting group (n=6), kept fasting for 18 hrs. At the end of the experiment, blood and tissue were collected for biochemical and histomorphological examination. Data showed that Total cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) level (p<0.05) and Triglyceride level (p<0.01) were significantly lower whereas High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) was highly significant (p<0.01) in 14 hours and 18 hours fasting group than control group. Histopathological studies of heart revealed that normal nuclei and no architectural changes were observed in myocardium in both control and fasting groups. It can be concluded that intermittent fasting may have promoting action on heart health as its limits the development of cardiovascular diseases by significantly increasing the HDL level that is known as good cholesterol for health.

Keywords: Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Heart, Histotexture, Mice

Location: The Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-12-2017

End Date: 00-01-2018

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Vertebrate, Diseases

Objectives:

The following objectives: 1. To determine the effect of intermittent fasting on total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL level of mice. 2. To investigate the effect of intermittent fasting on histomorphology of heart.

Methodology:

Experimental animals: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period of December 2017 to January 2018. A total of eighteen (18) Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus), 28-35 days old with an average body weight of 26.2 ± 1 gm were used. The mice were purchased from International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr’b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, and maintained in the Physiology Laboratory with utmost care. In the laboratory, all the mice were maintained in proper hygienic condition. Experimental laboratory: The laboratory was cleaned and washed with disinfectant and before placing the experimental mice it was left empty for 4 days. All necessary equipment was arranged properly for proper handling of the animals. Mice were housed in rectangular wooden cages (9×11×7 cubic inches) wrapped with wire mesh. The cages were well ventilated at 28 ± 2ºC and a relative humidity of 70-80% with natural day light. The experimental laboratory was cleaned and washed regularly and treated with disinfectants. Experimental equipment’s: Syringe of 3 ml (blister pack disposable syringe manufactured by JMI and Medical Devices Ltd. Bangladesh) were purchased from local market and used for collection of blood. Hand gloves (manufactured by Tsim's Company Ltd. Chittagong, Bangladesh) used for safety of hands. Eppendrof tubes (manufactured by Netheler and Hinz GmbH Company Ltd., Germany) were purchased from local market and used for storage of serum. Pipettes (manufactured by CAPP, made in Denmark) were used for handling liquid. Diethyl ether (manufactured by Lyondell Basell, North America) was used for anesthesia of mice. Digital weight balance (manufactured by Precision Electronic Instruments Company Ltd., India) for measuring weight. Experimental design: Before being used in the experiment, mice were kept for 15 days to adjust in the new environment. Then, the mice were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was considered as control (n=6) and fed on standard mice pellet and fresh drinking water. Group B was considered as 14 hours fasting group (n=6), kept fasting for 14 hrs and fed on standard mice pellet and water after fasting. Group C was considered as 18 hours fasting group (n=6), kept fasting for 18 hrs and fed on standard mice pellet and water after fasting. Management practices: The mice cages were kept on a well-ventilated room. In order to prevent spoilage, feeds were kept in an airtight poly-packed bag. The feed was supplied daily to the mice and fresh drinking water was made available. Mice cages were cleaned regularly with proper hygienic measures and sanitary measures were during the experimental period. Commercial mice pellet was purchased from the local market near Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202. Collection of blood and organ: At the end of experimental period, blood samples were collected by sacrificing the mice. The mice were placed in an airtight container with diethyl ether presoaked cotton. They were checked for unconsciousness. Statistical analysis: Data were continuous and normally distributed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effect of different parameters (Steel and Torrie, 1980). The data was placed and stored in Microsoft Excel- 2016 and imported to the software IBM SPSS Statistics 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics analysis was done to measure the mean, standard deviation and standard error and p value of different parameters. Because of using multiple comparisons, the corrected p-value was calculated adjusted at 0.01 and 0.05 considered for level of significance.

Source of Information: http://journal.safebd.org/index.php/jafe; Vol 2 No 1 March 2021 Pages 32-37 e-ISSN 2708-5694

Article Link (Online Journal): http://doi.org/10.47440/JAFE.2021.2106

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Intermittent fasting limits many risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and therefore the occurrence of these diseases. It can be concluded from the present study that intermittent fasting may be beneficial as HDL significantly increase but cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL significantly decrease in fasting groups. The results obtained from this study demonstrated that fasting may not affect oxidative stress or cellular damage and may have positive effects on lipid profile and heart in healthy subjects. So, intermittent fasting is important for the improvement of one’s physical health. However, individuals’ current health and situation should be considered before commencing fasting. Finally, the results provided in this study will be the basis for future investigations on the health benefits of fasting.

Knowledge Management: Journal