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Progress in the Performance of Indigenous Chickens Selected for Economic Traits in Bangladesh

S. Sultana
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

S. Faruque
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

M. S. A. Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

A. K. F. H. Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to investigate the progress in productive and reproductive performances of three indigenous chicken genotypes namely Non-descript Deshi (ND), Hilly (HI) and Naked Neck (NN) being selected since 2010 under intensive management system. Eight generations data on body weight (BW) at 8th week and seven generations data on body weight at 40^th week of age, age at sexual maturity (ASM), egg production (EP) from 24-40 weeks of age and egg weight (EW) at 40^th weeks of age were evaluated. It was observed that HI chicken had significantly (p<0.001) heavier body weight than ND and NN birds at both 8th and 40th week of age. Weight gains for ND, HI and NN at 8th and 40th weeks of age were 259.10, 324.08, 250.96g and 290.11, 453.13, 293.32g respectively over the seven generations of selection. Male chicks were significantly (p<0.001) heavier in body weight than females at 8^th week of age. ASM decreased significantly (p<0.001) with the progress of generations of selection. The observed number of EP from 24-40 weeks of age in ND, HI and NN have increased from 58.33, 52.48 and 52.70 eggs in G₀ to 72.40, 60.32 and 68.33 eggs respectively in generation six (G₆). In case of ND, HI and NN chicken the EW has increased from 41.64g, 41.14g and 41.61g in G0 to 45.01g, 45.09g and 44.88g in G₆ respectively. The results indicate that selective breeding program has made significant progress through increasing the mean of economic traits selected in indigenous chickens of Bangladesh coupled with their concurrent conservation ex-situ.

Keywords: Selection, Improvement, Indigenous Chicken, Intensive management

Location: Poultry Production Research Division, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chicken, Cropping System

Objectives:

To assess the progress in productive and reproductive performances of three indigenous chicken genotypes in an on-going selective breeding program under intensive management system in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The data was collected from the on-going program “Conservation and Improvement of Native Chicken” of BLRI, under Poultry Production Research Division, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This selection program was started since 2010. The details on the procedure of formation of foundation flock, selection objective, selection criteria, data recording, breeding design and results of the earlier generations have been presented by Faruque et al., (2015) and Faruque et al., (2017a; 2017b; 2017c). For this study data were retrieved and collected from foundation to generation 7 (for body weight at 8^th week of age up to 7^th generation while for body weight at 40^th week of age, age at sexual maturity, egg production and egg weight up to 6^th generation). Data of first generation birds at 40^th week of their age were not available due to an outbreak of Avian Influenza surrounding the BLRI Poultry Farm at 35th week of birds’ age. Three types of indigenous chickens were selected for the study. These were Non-descript Deshi, Hilly and Naked Neck. Data on two categories of traits were recorded: productive and reproductive. The productive traits included: body weight at 8th and 40th week of age where as egg production up to 40th weeks, egg weight at 40th week of age and age at sexual maturity were as the reproductive traits. SAS version 9.3.1 software was used for analyzing data and least square means were obtained using SAS GLM program. The means of the significant fixed effects were compared using least significant difference tests. Based on the type of traits, the following two general linear models were fitted: A) Body Weight Traits Yijkl = µ + B_i + G_j + S_k + e_ijkl Where, Y_ijkl = Effect of the 1^th observation on kth sex of the j^th generation of the ith genotype µ = Overall population mean for any of the said traits; Bi = Effect of the i^th genotype (where i = ND, HI and NN ) G_j = Effect of the jth generations (where j = G₀, G₁, G₂, G₃, G₄, G₅, G₆ and G₇ generations) S_k = Effect of the k^th sex (where k = male and female) e_ijkl = Random residual error associated with Y_ijkl observation. B) Age at Sexual Maturity, Egg Production and Egg Weight Traits Y_ijk = µ + B_i + G_j + e_ijk Where, Y_ijk = Effect of the k^th observation on the jth generation of the ith genotype µ = Overall population mean for any of the said trait; B_i= Effect of the ith genotype (where i = ND, HI and NN genotypes) G_j = Effect of the jth generations (where j = G₀, G1, G₂, G₃, G₄, G₅ and G₆ generations) e_ijk = Random residual error associated with Y_ijkl observation.

Source of Information: http://journal.safebd.org/index.php/jafe; Vol 2 No 1 March 2021 Pages 50-54 e-ISSN 2708-5694

Article Link (Online Journal): http://doi.org/10.47440/JAFE.2021.2109

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Selection program for eight generations under intensive management system made remarkable phenotypic progress in weight gains both at 8th and 40th week of age. In case of all the three genotypes male chickens were significantly heavier in body weight than the female chickens. Generations of selection reduced 14.3, 17.67 and 9.55 days of ASM and increased egg number up to 40th week of age to 14.07, 7.84 and 15.60 for the afore-mentioned genotypes respectively and egg weight has also increased in all the three genotypes over the seven generations. So, it can be implied that generations of selection improved both productive and reproductive traits of the three important Indigenous chicken genotypes of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal