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Scenario of Backyard Chickens Rearing System with Production Performances in Selected Areas of Chittagong District of Bangladesh

Prabal Chowdhury
The University of Melbourne | MSD · Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences PhD Candidate (Animal Behavioral Epidemiology)

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to investigate backyard chickens production systems in three subdistricts- Banskhali, Patia and Anowara, under the district of Chittagong, Bangladesh. About 75 households were selected from these areas. Fifteen villages from three Thana (5 villages from each) and 5 households per village were taken as selected area. Feeding systems and availability of feed for raising chickens and production performance of semi-scavenging chickens were evaluated. Information was collected from the farmers through a questionnaire. The study revealed that the highest number (25) of chickens per farm was found with large farmers, while the lowest (5) was found with landless farmers. Stratified Simple random sampling technique was followed to collect data. The highest number of chickens was available at the farm household during April-June, 2011 (summer) and that was the lowest during July-September, 2011. Highest number (85) of eggs per bird was found during January-March, 2012, while the lowest (45) was during July-September, 2011.

About 55% of the farmers of Patia used mixed feed, but in Banskhali only 40% of farmers fed mixed feed to their chickens & the rest was either paddy or wheat alone or a mixture of both. The hatchability rate was 89% in Patia, 88.5% in Anowara, but in Banskhali it was only 85%. The results were highly significant (p=.0000). The per year egg production in Patia was 68, 72 in Anowara and 75 in Banskhali which were highly significant (P values= 0.0000, 0.0000 and 0.0000 respectively) compared to the standard egg production value per year cited in Bangladesh Poultry Model, DLS, 2000.

Keywords: Backyard chickens, Hatchability, Feeding system, Semi-scavenging.

Location: The district of Chittagong, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2011

End Date: 00-04-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

Objectives of the study:

To evaluate production performance of backyard chickens.
To determine feeding systems and availability of feed for raising chickens in the three areas.
To study the constraints in the backyard chickens practices as listed by rural people and their possible solution.

Methodology:

Duration of the study: The study was started from 0ctober 2011 & finished by April 2012. Selection of the study area: The study area was selected in three places, Patia, Banskhali and Anowara thana of Chittagong district of Bangladesh. The main considerations in selecting the study area were as follows:

i . Availability of large number of chickens in the study area.

ii. Good communication facilities.

iii. The author expected high co-operation from the owners of chickens farms.

iv. No study of this type was done previously in these areas.

Selection of sample and sampling technique: A total of 75 households were selected randomly from three thanas of Chittagong district having 25 households from each thana (5 households of each village of total 15 selected villages). Each household having at least 8 chickens reared under backyard condition. Stratified random sampling technique was followed to collect data. Method of data collection: Data were collected through direct interview schedule and recorded in a formatted questionnaire/interview schedule. The schedule was prepared to maintain relevance with the objectives of the study. Analytical Techniques: Raw data were collected and compiled from the questionnaire by using Microsoft Excel-2007. Final data were analyzed by One-sample t test using STATA-11C. Reference values for the respective variables were obtained from Bangladesh Poultry Model, DLS, 2000.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Poultry Model, DLS, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.29430.86086

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Estimating the value of rural poultry is even more difficult than for other livestock because of the lack of reliable production data. Rural poultry is also an important element in diversifying agricultural production and increasing household food security. The village chickens provide readily harvestable animal protein to rural households. The author highlighted the importance of chickens as a diversification component in rural farming systems, particularly for women.

In general, the study indicates that there are great potentials for an improvement of chickens production in rural area of Bangladesh. Regular vaccination and use of balanced diets can have a decisive effect on chickens rearing, providing quality products for human consumption and reducing nutritional deficiencies and poverty of the country.

Training in chickens rearing has come out as felt need by the farm families. The observations of the present study support to express the overall views that, status of rearing chickens at Chittagong considered being as standard as other side of the country. In some cases, particular production was reported higher than expected. However, the introduction of training and input support with scientific housing, feeding and breeding management and creating more extended provision of health care and prevention of diseases by undertaking positive initiatives and patron from both government and non-government organization will definitely improve the present status of rearing chickens with the livelihood of the farmers of Chittagong engaged in semi-scavenging chickens rearing. The village chickens production systems of Chittagong into economically viable enterprises would require better understanding of the socio-economic aspects of the production system.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings