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Effect of Different Levels of Dietary Energy on Growth Performance of Indigenous Desi Chicks Reared in Confinement Up to Target Weight of 950 G

M Y Miah
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh and Department of Poultry Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

S D Chowdhury
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

A K F H Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

M S Ali
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of energy on growth performance and meat yields of indigenous (desi) chickens up to the target weight of 950 g. Two hundred sixteen indigenous unsexed chicks aged 3 weeks were considered for the feeding trial until the body weight reached at 950 g. Chicks were divided into four dietary treatments having three replications (18 chicks per replication) and reared on littered floor in an open sided house by providing 0.092 m² floor space per bird. Four iso-nitrogenous diets (23% CP) differing in energy contents were formulated to constitute dietary treatments. Diets for comparison were: Very low energy density (VLED): ME 2400 kcal/kg, low energy density (LED): ME 2600 kcal/kg, moderate energy density (MED): ME 2800 kcal/kg and high energy density (HED): ME 3000 kcal/kg. The contents of CP, ME, Calcium (Ca) and total Phosphorous in MED diet were fitted with the requirements of Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS 1992). Body weight and Body weight gain were improved in HED and MED diets than the birds of VLED and LED diet during a rearing period of 3-14 weeks. Feed consumption increased in birds that received HED as compared to VLED, LED and MED groups. Feed conversion ratio decreased in MED and HED dietary group than VLED, LED groups. Similarly, live weight, breast, drumstick and head weight were higher in HED, MED, LED than VLED groups respectively. Profit per bird increased with increasing level of the dietary energy densities. Energy levels of diet had no effect on survivability although birds belonging to HED suffered more from mortality. It was concluded that a nutrient density of 2800 ME kcal/kg and 23% CP would be enough to optimize growth rate and FCR of indigenous (desi) chickens.

Keywords: Energy densities, Indigenous, Meat quality, Performance

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken, Feed

Objectives:

To determine the responses in growth of indigenous (desi) chicks of Bangladesh in confinement by feeding diets containing different levels of energy

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted with 3 weeks old indigenous unsexed chicks and it continued up to the achievement of body weight of 950 g. Chicks (n=216) were divided into four dietary treatments having three replications (18 chicks per replication) and reared on littered floor in an open sided house by providing0.092 m² floor space per bird. A pen was partitioned into 12 small equal pens, washed, disinfected and then used for experimental purpose. Four iso-nitrogenous (23% crude protein) starter diets were formulated differing in energy contents for conducting the feeding trial. Dietary treatments consisted of an arrangement of four diets that contained: starter diets, very low energy density (VLED): ME 2400 kcal/kg + CP 23%, low energy density (LED): ME 2600 kcal/kg + CP 23%, moderate energy density (MED): ME 2800 kcal/kg + CP 23% and high energy density (HED): ME 3000 kcal/kg + CP 23%. Growing period: very low energy density (VLED): ME 2300 kcal/kg + CP 17%, low energy density (LED): ME 2500 kcal/kg + CP 17%, moderate energy density (MED): ME 2700 kcal/kg + CP 17% and high energy density (HED): ME 2900 kcal/kg + CP 17%. The contents of CP, ME, Calcium (Ca) and total Phosphorous in MPD diet were fitted with the requirements of broilers as suggested by Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS 1992). Diets were formulated using locally available feedstuffs. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. The chemical analyses of different feed ingredients were carried out by following standard methods (AOAC 2004; Kent et al 1967; Hall and Hacskaylo 1963). Proximate components, Calcium (Ca) and total Phosphorous (P) of those ingredients were determined in the Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Livestock Services (DLS) and in the Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Calcium and total P were determined by atomic absorption and spectrophotometer (FAO 1989). Amino acids were determined by amino acid analyzer in the Institute of Food Science and Technology of BCSIR Laboratory in Dhaka. Records were kept of body weight, feed consumption, production costs, mortality and sale price of live bird. Feed conversion ratio (FCR), net return, cost benefit ratio (BCR) and survivability were calculated. One bird from each replication was randomly selected for processing after termination of the experiment. Feed was withdrawn 10 hours before processing. Water was made available. After processing the dressed weight was recorded. In addition, the weight of breast meat, thigh meat, drumstick meat, liver, neck, wing, head and gizzard were taken by an electric balance. Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design followed by determining least significant difference (LSD) (SAS 2008).

Source of Information: Livestock Research for Rural Development 26 (7) 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A nutrient density of 2800 ME kcal/kg and 23% CP (MED diet) would be required for indigenous chicks to achieve a target weight of 950g at 14 weeks age if reared in confinement.
An improvement in meat yield characteristics in terms of dressed weight, breast meat, drumstick meat is possible during this period of growth. Feeding MED diet to such chicks was most profitable.

Knowledge Management: Journal