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Poultry Industry in Bangladesh: Present Status and Future Potential

S. K. Raha
Professor
Dept. of Agribusiness and Marketing, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study is an attempt to examine the present situation of Bangladesh poultry industry and its future potential. In Bangladesh commercial poultry production has been growing rapidly since the early 1990 by using improved genetics, manufactured feeds and management. This improvement is done mainly in the private sector as a device for additional source of income and employment opportunities, particularly in rural area. This dramatic growth of poultry farms throughout the country without judging feasibility of the farm in the area. This process has been influenced by the programmes of different NGOs and the public sector. The poultry sector of the country is classified neither as an agricultural sector nor an industrial sector, receives far less support than its potential contribution might indicate. Based on this poultry industry a number of industries are developed both in inputs sector and outputs sector along with a number of service-providing organizations where at least 60 lakh people are involved. The poultry industry was hit by bird flu in 2007 and 2009. The number of firms reduced to 55,000 in 2013 from 1,15,000 in 2007. Another source reported that there are about 65,902 poultry farms upto February 1013 in the country (BER,2013p.104). In spite of decrease in number of poultry farms, it is reported by Bangladesh Poultry Association that that the country achieved self-sufficiency in production of chicken meat and eggs. So the problem is excess supply of chicken meat and egg in the market.. The major challenges to poultry sector are limited access to credit, competition from imports and outbreaks of diseases like Avian Influenza. In addition, there are other problems which hinder the proper development of poultry industry. Production of quality and safe product in compliance with international standards of hygiene, sanitation and phytosanitary is an important issue. For sustainable development of poultry sector some specific recommendations (establishment of effective data bank, formation of poultry farmers’ organization etc) are made for consideration by the concerned stakeholders of this industry.

Keywords: Poultry, Poultry industry, Future potential, Poultry sector, Domestic market, Domestic supply

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Poultry, Farming System

Objectives:

To examine the present situation of Bangladesh poultry industry and its future potential.

Methodology:

Data source: The paper is mainly based on secondary data, published journal, newspapers, magazines, unpublished documents and consultation with some knowledgeable persons in poultry sector. Information on various aspects of poultry industry varies with variation of sources. The foreign firms have been investing in poultry sector in Bangladesh. According to Bangladesh Poultry Association, the growth domestic of consumption would not be sufficient to absorb domestic supply. It is reported that the country achieved self-sufficiency in production of chicken meat and eggs. So the problem is excess supply of chicken meat and egg in the market. There is a growing concern that excess production of chicken meat and eggs leads to close down of poultry farms in the country (Shahin, 2014). Present position: As we know poultry industry includes both the layer farms and broiler farms in the country. Large numbers of farms in different sizes are operating all over the country. The poultry industry was hit by bird flu in 2007, 2009 and 2011. The number of firms reduced to 55,000 in 2013 from 1,15,000 in 2007 due to outbreaks of diseases along with other problems. Another source reported that there are about 65,902 poultry farms upto February 1013 in the country (BER,2013p.104). In two years since 2011, nearly 25,000 farms were closed mainly due to the outbreak of the diseases (Daily Star, 2013). Contribution to society: Based on this poultry industry a number of industries are developed both in inputs sector and outputs sector along with a number of service providing organizations. Poultry industry contributes 1 percent to the country’s GDP while at least 60 lakh people are involved in the sector, but the industry lacks proper support from the government as claimed by stakeholders. Prospect in domestic market: According to WHO – FAO joint survey, meat consumption per head in Bangladesh is 15.23 kg per year while the requirement is 43.8 kg per person. So there is a deficit of 65.23 % to meet our domestic requirement. It may be noted that poultry contributes 35.25% of total meat supply (Akbar et.al 2013,p.27). On an average people consume 3.63 kg of poultry meat per year which is expected to be 5 kg by 2015 and 12 kg by 2021 (according to Poultry Association). Export potentiality: Poultry industry has the potentials to export to India, Pakistan, Nepal, Malaysia, Indonesia and countries of Middle East. The consumption of meat in developing countries grew by 70 MMT from 26 MMT during last five years (Financial Express, 2014). This increasing trend will continue due to increase in population, higher income and health consciousness of the people. What to do for harvesting market potential: A major problem in meeting nutritional requirements is lack of purchasing power of the consumers in the country. Undertaking Programmes to enhance purchasing power of the people through creation of productive activities is an important measure. Steps should be adopted to produce quality and safe food for both the domestic and export markets. Export market: There is a group of entrepreneurs who have intention to go for export market with chicken meats and eggs. The interested group may be encouraged to prepare themselves for export markets about good production practices, processing of safe and quality products through adoption of HACCP System and compliance with trade regulations. Growth in poultry products export not only brings in additional foreign exchange for the country but benefits a large number of people involved in the production, processing and export of such products.

Source of Information: https://www.bea-bd.org/site/images/pdf/084.pdf

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Poultry industry is one of the important industries in Bangladesh in terms of employment avenue and source of protein supply at cheaper price for the nation. All categories of stakeholders should participate in policy formulation for the development of the poultry industry. Policy should be based on reliable and comprehensive field data. For the protection of national interest the government should be more active in implementation of poultry development policy in the country. Poultry farmers should be organized into group and follow the scientific management system.

Knowledge Management: Journal