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Status of Poultry Industry in Bangladesh and the Role of Private Sector for Its Development

M. A. Hamid
School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, 1705 Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. Rahman
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, 3100 Sylhet, Bangladesh

S. Ahmed
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, 1706 Gazipur, Bangladesh

K. M. Hossain
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, 9208 Khulna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study attempts to examine the scenario of poultry industry and the role of private sector for its development in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, more than half of the people is based on agricultural and livestock farming. The poultry sector is an integral part of farming systems and has created both direct and indirect employment opportunities, improved food security and enhanced supply of quality protein to people?s meals, contributing country?s economic growth and reducing poverty level in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh. The present meat and egg production can meet only 68 and 64% of the national demand. The demand for meat, egg and meat and egg products have been expanding dramatically with income growth, population growth, urbanization and dietary changes. Recognizing this fact, the government and the private sector are working together to solve the problem in poultry industry through various development activities. Apart from this, the government is encouraging private sectors and NGOs to undertake steps for the development of poultry by liberalizing its present policy. This review study has tried to unearth the present scenario of poultry industry in Bangladesh, contribution of private enterprises for the development of poultry sectors, marketing of poultry and poultry products, problems and constraints of poultry industry and explores the scope and opportunity of poultry industry of Bangladesh. This study has also explored the status of poultry business development through various programs designed and implemented by private sectors.

Keywords: Poultry farming, Private sector, Meat production, Egg production, Marketing of poultry, Scopes of poultry industry, Problems of poultry industry

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry, Egg

Objectives:

1. To examine the present scenario of poultry industry in Bangladesh,

2. To determine the contributions of private sector for development of poultry industry,

3. To know the scopes and opportunities of poultry industry in Bangladesh and

4. To find out the problems and challenges of poultry industry in Bangladesh

Methodology:

Livestock and poultry have played an important role in the national economy, contributing significantly to agriculture and the gross national product. About 44% of human daily intake of animal protein comes from livestock products. Furthermore, it plays a pivotal role in the rural socio-economic system as maximum households directly involved in livestock. It has created job opportunities for more than 6 million people. The poultry industry has been engaging supply of quality protein to the Bangladesh population at the lowest price in the world. In the 90s total investment in this sector was only BDT 15 thousand million, but now it is more than BDT 150 thousand million. In addition to family poultry production carried out at a small scale, mostly with indigenous poultry, the poultry sector is producing commercial broiler and eggs to meet up the demand of the consumers. To make it possible, the industrial farms are producing grand-parent (GP) stock and Parent Stock (PS) while the commercial sector is mostly in the hands of small-scale (up to 3000 birds) and medium scale (above 3000 but below 20,000 birds) producers. The present status of poultry sector?s in Bangladesh at a glance and the division wise registered private poultry farms in Bangladesh, respectively. Presently, the poultry sector has employed huge manpower (approximately 0.6 million) of both technical and non-technical background workers and expected to make more room for employment in the future Poultry population in Bangladesh is estimated about 304.17 million where chicken population is about 255.31 million and duck population is about9 48.86. Changing pattern and growth of poultry since 2004-05 to 2013-14 is shown. The growth rate of chicken and duck for last 10 years was 3.75 and 3.05% respectively. Growth rate of poultry was about 6.21% during 2004-2007 but growth rate declined (2.70%) during the financial year 2007-08 due to incidence of bird flu (avian influenza). This situation improved during 2008-09 (4.20%) and again declined since 2009-10 about 2.89%. meat and egg production of last 10 years along with growth rate is shown. The average growth rate of meat and egg for 10 years was 19.38 and 7.77%, respectively. The growth rate of meat production was highest in 2010-11 (57.94%) and lowest in 2006-07 (-7.96%). The growth rate of egg production was highest in 2013-14 (33.48%) and lowest in 2008-09 (-17.00%). The requirement, availability and deficit of meat and eggs are presented. The consumption of meat and egg in SAARC countries are presented. The per capita poultry meat consumption is much lower (1.9 kg) compare to other Asian countries. The poultry meat consumption in Pakistan is 4.4 kg, Indonesia 7.0 kg, Philippines 11.0 kg, Egypt 11.6 kg, China 12.8 kg, Thailand 12.3 kg, South Korea 16.4 kg, Vietnam 15.6 kg, Malaysia 38.1 kg and Japan 19.1 kg13. In Bangladesh, the availability of meat and egg is much lower than demand. Therefore, there is a deficit condition to be met up. The available grand parent stock, parent stock and vaccines in the country is exhibited. It is observed that all world class GP, PS and vaccines are available in Bangladesh and contributing a lot for the development of poultry industry. Bangladesh started export of day old chicks and feed to other countries during 2002-2007 and it is temporarily stopped due to AI. However, if we control the AI, we will be in position to export not only the chicks and feed but also poultry meat. The government has also liberalized its policies to encourage the growth of commercial poultry sector in Bangladesh by introducing tax holiday, subsidy in electricity and also incentives for export.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Poultry Science; ISSN 1819-3609

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ajpsaj.2017.1.13

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Although the poultry industry and business is progressed considerably, but still the industry is facing a lot of problems that create hindrance in poultry farming and business. The major problems are high price of feed, unorganized and unstable marketing system, shortage of poultry processing plants, high and fluctuating price of feed ingredients for the industry, lack of quality control of feeds, export of feeds etc. In order to encourage the business in poultry industry the above constraints must be removed. It must be realized that if the poultry business would not have been flourished at this level the price of poultry and its products would have been so much high that only 1-2% of people could afford to consume these nutritious food items. Its effects on health and nutrition of the nation would have been in the dark. The government?s food and nutrition security would have been jeopardized. To mitigate food-deficit especially that of protein, the poultry sector needs special attention.

Knowledge Management: Journal