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Neem (azadirachta Indica) Leaf Extract in Drinking Water on the Performance and Health Status of Cockerels

M. H. Kabir
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. D. Chowdhury
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

H. Seal
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

P. K. Sarkar
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Giasuddin
Animal Health Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment with day-old cockerels of Shaver 579 strain (n=120) was conducted in the summer season to investigate: the use of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract in drinking water on the performance and health of cockerels. The experiment was conducted from one day old to 70 days. The chicks were randomly distributed to four different treatments: control diet (without neem leaf extract and no vaccination), vaccinated group ((control diet with vaccination), control diet plus 1.5 ml neem leaf extract (NLE) per 100 ml or control diet plus 2 ml NLE in drinking water. Performances and health were observed. No significant difference in production was noted between treatments, but improved performances and health were observed. No significant difference in production was noted between treatments, but improved performance was observed, with 1.5 ml NLE. Birds ot the same group showed higher antibody Gcnomic Mean Titre (GMT; 31.7) against Newcastle disease (ND) at 70 days compared than other groups. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test for Infections Bulsal discase (IBD), showed higher antibody titer at 42 days old in all groups than at 70 days. It is suggested that the performance of cockerels treated with NLE was similar to control. Further study to challenge birds receiving NLE with ND and IBD are suggested. (Bangl, vet. 2007. Vol. 24, No. 2, 130 -137).

Keywords: Neem leaf, Cockerels, Bamboo materials, Wire-net

Location: Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Neem, Poultry

Objectives:

To investigate the effects of neem leaf extract (NLE) on the performance and health status of cockerels.

Methodology:

Processing of neem leaves and preparation of NLE: NLE was prepared by following the procedure of Nwachukwu and Umechuruba (2001). The green leaves were washed, separated and sun-dried. One kg whole leaves were blended gradually in one litre of distilled water in a blender and sieved through a Buchner funnel to remove debris. The sieved debris was kept overnight in a beaker (2 litre) of water and further sieved through a Buchner funnel to remove debris. The two extracts formed L litre of NLE from 1 kg neem leaf. Prepqyaslsn of house and experimental protocol: An experimental pen was divided into 12 small pens of equal size (274 cm X 91 cm), each for 10 cockerels. Bamboo materials and wire-net were used with a common alley along the middle of the pen. The floor space for each bird was approximately 2493 cm², which was sufficient during summer. The experimental house and equipment were cleaned and washed thoroughly. After 15 days, the room was cleaned further and disinfected with Virkon@ S solution (4 gm/titre) and dried. Fresh dried rice husk was used as litter at a depth of 4 cm. Feeding, watering and routine management: To overcome transportation stress, 5% glucose solution was supplied just after the arrival of the chicks. For the frist 7 days, feeds were given on newspaper and then on small trays. After 7 days, one round feeder and one waterer were provided for each replication. All birds were fed and watered ad libitum A multi-vitamin mix (Megavit WS@; Novartis Animal Health, Novartis Bangladesh Limited, Dhaka) was supplied through drinking water to all birds from the third week on alternate days to the end of the experiment. Feed and water were supplied three times a day during the first week and then twice a day during the rest of the experiment. Detection of antibody titre: Disposable plastic syringe (3 ml) was used for blood collection. Blood was collected from the wing vein and a syringe containing blood sample was placed in a slanting position overnight at 4^oC. The plunger was removed and the serum collected in an Eppendorf tube (3 ml), centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 min and transferred to another Eppendorf tube and stored at -20^oC. The samples were tested using ELISA for the detection of antibody against IBD according to the procedure of the test kit manufacturer (IDEXX-USA). Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was performed to confirm the presence of antibody against ND by the use of specific antigen of NDV. Performance records: Initial body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR), temperature and relative humidity were recorded. Results were analysed by the "MStat-c" statistical programme.

Source of Information: The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2007) 24 (2) :130-137

Article Link (Online Journal): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278037525

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It if concluded that administration of NLE in drinking water did not impair the performance, but did not enhance it. Further studies to challenge birds against ND and IBD would be helpful to determine immuno-potentiating effects of NLE.

Knowledge Management: Journal