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Exploitation of Hybrid Vigor for Grain Yield and Other Characters in Maize (zea Mays L)

Md. Mahfuzul Hoque*
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Motiar Rohman
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Fahmida Akhtar
Tuber crop Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Abdur Rouf
Research Wing, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

K. M. Fahid Hossain
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out in 8 × 8 diallel crosses for combining ability analysis without reciprocal of maize for grain yield, yield contributing characters, maturity and growth parameters. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that mean square value due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for grain yield (t ha^-1), days to silking and ear height indicating that these traits were governed by both additive and non-additive gene action. Variances due to GCA were higher for all characters except thousand grain weight revealed that the predominance of additive gene action for all characters except thousand-grain weight. Parent P8 was the best general combiner for yield and most of the yield contributing characters. Parent P1 and P4 were the best general combiner for dwarf and earliness in plant. Three crosses (P1 × P4, P2 × P3 and P4 × P8) showed positive and significant SCA effect for yield involving low × low, average × average and high × low general combining parents. Two crosses (P3 × P8 and P4 × P8) showed positive and significant heterosis in compare to standard check NK-40 and BHM 9.

Keywords: Combining ability, Heterosis, Maize (Zea mays L)

Location: BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

The present study involving a 8 × 8 diallel analysis aimed to determine the better general combining parents and for isolation good cross combinations in maize for evolving suitable hybrids locally.

Methodology:

Eight inbred lines of maize viz. P1 {BARI Introduced Line (BIL) 191}, P2 (BIL 207), P3 (BIL 170), P4 (BIL 177), P5 (BIL 190), P6 {CIMMYT Maize Line (CML) 425}, P7 (CML 423) and P8 (CML 487) were crossed in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals in Rabi 2014- 15 at BARI, Gazipur following Griffing’s Method II model IV. (During rabi 2015-16, the 28 F1S produced from 8 parents) along with 2 local checks BHM9 and NK-40 were sown following Alpha Lattice Design with 2 replications on 13 November 2015. Spacing adopted was 60 × 25 cm between rows and hills, respectively. One healthy seedling per hill was kept after proper thinning. Fertilizers were applied @ 250, 55, 110, 40, 5 and 1.5 kg of N, P, K, S, Zn and B, respectively. Standard agronomic practices were followed and plant protection measures were taken when required. Ten randomly selected plants were used for recording observations on plant and ear height. Other data were recorded on whole plot basis. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances were estimated according to Giffing’s (1956) method II and model IV. Percent heterosis was calculated by the formula as heterosis (%) = {(F1-CV)/CV} x 100. Where F1 and CV represented the mean performances of hybrid and standard check variety. The estimated heterosis was tested according to Singh and Singh (1994).

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The parent P2, P5 & P8 could be used to develop high yielding maize hybrid. Parent P1 & P4 were the good general combiner for both dwarf & earliness in plant. The cross P3 × P8 and P4 × P8 could be used as a commercial variety after verifying them in different locations.

Knowledge Management: Journal