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Phenotypic Characterization and Production Potentials of Exotic Goat Breeds and Their Crosses in Rajshahi Metropolitan Area of Bangladesh

EM Ahmed
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MR Amin
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

R Basrin
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MSA Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to investigate the morphology, morphometry, and production performances of exotic goat breeds and their crossbreds available at Boalia, Shahmokhdum, Rajpara, and Matihar thana under Rajshahi metropolitan city. A total of 73 animals’ information was collected from 39 exotic goat flock owners using a semi-structured questionnaire through interviewing of farmers, visual observation, and on-spot measurement of the animals. Exotic goat breeds and their crosses were found predominantly higher (>93%) in Rajshahi Metropolitan areas where less than 7% of Black Bengal goats were identified. In most cases, deviation of breed-specific coat color due to crossing between different types of crossbreds among the populations was noted. The genotype frequencies of Beetal, Kalahari, Sirohi, Jamunapari, Anglo Nubian and their crossbreds, and Black Bengal goats were found to be 50.68, 15.07, 13.70, 8.22, 8.22, and 4.11%, respectively. The average mature live weight (12 to 18 months) of those corresponding exotic genotypes in male and female respectively were found 46.88±5.66, 56.07±8.03, 32.67±8.09, 59.54±7.96 and 64.06±4.67 kg, and 21.70±2.24, 22.41±3.64, 17.37±4.05, 24.5±0.5 and 27.47±6.85 kg. Irrespective of genotypes, the mean age at puberty, lactation length, litter size, kidding interval, and days open were found 167.50±3.49 days, 76.61±4.90 days, 1.71±0.10, 224.44±5.56 days, and 52.64 ± 2.30 days, respectively. However, none of the aforementioned traits differed significantly (P>0.05) among the five different exotic genotypes. In conclusion, this study provides some basic information on the performances of exotic goat breeds or their crossbreds in Metropolitan areas under intensive management conditions which could be utilized for designing proper breeding plans in their conservation and simultaneous improvement.

Keywords: Morphology; Morphometry; Production; Exotic goat; Rajshahi

Location: Boalia, Shahmokhdum, Rajpara, and Matihar Thana under Rajshahi metropolitan city.

Start Date: 00-11-2018

End Date: 00-04-2019

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat, Goat

Objectives:

To investigate morphology, morphometric features, growth, productive and reproductive performance of available exotic goats and their different types of crosses in Rajshahi metropolitan area.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted at Boalia, Shahmokhdum, Rajpara, and Matihar Thana under Rajshahi metropolitan city. It is located at Latitude of 724°22′26″N and Longitude of 88°36′04″E. The duration of the study was from November 2018 to April 2019. The initial information along with their pictorial view of the exotic goat breeds was acquainted from the FAO Animal Health and Production (Acharya, 1982). Finally, the genotypes of exotic goat were ascertained through phenotypic observation, pedigree analysis as well as interviews with goat owner. Morphological traits such as coat color, facial profile, ear position, horn, and its orientation, and hair type were documented using a semi-structured questionnaire along with visual appraisal. The morphometric traits like body length, wither height, head length, ear length, birth weight, and mature body weight were envisaged in this study and measured accordingly. The investigated production and reproduction traits were age at puberty (day), milk yield/day, lactation length (day), kidding interval (day), litter size (no.), and days open (day). Information was also recorded on the availability of buck, the genotype of bucks and breeding practiced, available feed ingredients, feeding practices as well as other management practices in the goat population studied. A structured questionnaire was carefully designed, pretested, and revised accordingly as per the objectives of the study. A total of 73 questionnaires were used to collect information from 39 goat flock owners who had exotic goat breeds or their crosses. Data were collected through interviewing farmers, visual observation, and on-spot measurement of the animals using the measuring tape and digital weighing balance at farmer’s premises. The data collected from the investigation were recorded in Microsoft Excel sheets and carefully reviewed to detect any unusual or extreme values recorded. Descriptive statistics such as mean, range, frequency, and percentage were calculated using Microsoft excel. In addition, data were analyzed using Statistical Analysis System (SAS, version 9.1.3) to calculate least-square means along with other descriptive statistics. Mean separation was performed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2020. 49 (2): 100-107

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v49i2.53218

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present study revealed the numerical predominance of exotic goat breeds and their crosses in Rajshahi metropolitan areas. More particularly, Beetal and Beetal crossbreds comprised half of the total population in the studied areas. The morphological and morphometric variations were diverse within and among the studied goat populations due to indiscriminate breeding. All of those exotic breeds and crossbreds had almost equal productive and reproductive performance under an intensive management system. In conclusion, the information generated from this study could be utilized for evaluating the potentials of transboundary exotic goats and their crosses in the concerned agro-climatic zone and socio-economic context. Moreover, the findings of this study may provide hints to the policymakers for conservation as well as the development of Black Bengal goat as this valued indigenous goat genetic resource has fallen under the threat of breed substitution.

Knowledge Management: Journal