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Seasonal Low Temperatures Affect the Growth of Rice Seedlings in Northern Bangladesh

Sabrina Shabnam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Bulbul Ahmed*
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A.H.M. Motiur Rahman Talukder
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Arafat Hossain
Seed Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Toufiqur Rashid
Floriculture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Jahangir Alam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Mominur Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Mousumi Sultana
Tuber Crop Research Sub Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Seujgari, Bogra-5800, Bangladesh

Rumana Akter
Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Lutfun Nahar
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to screen out the low temperature tolerant Boro rice seedlings during the period of November 2013 to January 2014 in research farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The experimental area was facing rice production challenge due to climate change in the recent past. During cultivation period prevailing environmental temperature was below 15 ^oC. Seven rice cultivars (V1: BR-11; V2: BR-16; V3: BRRI dhan28; V4: BRRI dhan29; V5: BRRI dhan50; V6: BINA dhan7; and V7: Hybrid SL-8H) varieties were selected for the study. The seedling shoot length, shoot weight and root length, root weight, total biomass, and seed mortality rate were investigated. The highest shoot length was measured in V7 (9.56 cm at 33 DAS) and the highest percent shoot dry weight was found in V7 (34.63 g at 33 DAS). Again, the highest root length (4.09 cm) and root dry weight (10.070 g) were measured in V3 at 33 DAS. Most interestingly, V7 plants showed the best performing cultivars among the tested varieties responding dry biomass production. Conversely, the V3 cultivars showed very poor at low temperatures at 12, 19, 26 DAS. Total biomass tends to decrease by a low-temperature environment. The highest mortality percentage was recorded in V1 and V5 (31.56 and 31.67%). The lowest seed germination percentage was found in V7 (11.33%). The cultivar (Hybrid SL-8H) having the highest seed germination percentage is lower temperature stress tolerate than other cultivars.

Keywords: Growing temperature, Rice cultivars, Seedling mortality

Location: Research farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-01-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The research work had been carried out to find out suitable cold tolerant rice varieties for boro season to manage seasonal cold environment in Northern Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The research field of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, HSTU, Dinajpur located in 25.13o N latitude and 88.23^o E longitude and at an elevation of 34.5 m above the mean sea level. This site belongs to AEZ-1 (Agro-ecological Zone-1) categorized as Himalayan Piedmont Plain as classified by UNDP and FAO (1988). The experimental field was a medium high land having sandy loam soil with soil pH 6.0.

The experiment was followed a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seven HYV rice variety (V1: BR-11; V2: BR-16; V3: BRRI dhan28; V4: BRRI dhan29; V5: BRRI dhan50; V6: BINA dhan7; and V7: Hybrid SL-8H) was taken in the experiment. The whole area was divided into three blocks and each block was divided into seven units maintaining plot dimension to 2 × 2 m. The plot to plot distance was 30 cm. The seeds of selected seven rice cultivars were sown in previously prepared seedbed. The sprouted seeds were placed in individual plots without any biasness at the rate of 330 g per plot. Proper irrigation was made as and when needed. To make the experimental plot weed free, weeding was done at 20 and 27 days after sowing (DAS).

The data regarding various relevant parameters were collected accordingly during the experimental period. The sample collected for fresh weight determination was used for measuring the dry weight of shoot and root of rice seedlings. The shoot and root portions of samples were oven (Model: LDO150N) dried at 60 o C for 72 hours separately followed by drying at room temperature for 72 hours. After complete drying, the dried root and shoot of rice seedlings were weighed and averaged carefully. The root and shoot length of rice seedlings was measured by using scale having millimeter (mm) divisions for accurate determination. The shoot length was determined by placing measuring scale at the transitional zone of root and shoot toward top of the leaves. For measuring root length, the whole seedling was uprooted with the help of khurpi keeping the root zone undisturbed. Then the collected root zone was washed carefully with running water so that all roots remained intake. Then the measurement of root length was made by placing the scale at transitional zone of root and shoot towards root apex.

The germination percentage was determined at field level at the initial stage of the experiment. This was done by counting the number of germinated seed and total number of seed within a marked area. This counting was done after 10 days of first germination (DAG).

Source of Information: International Journal of Applied Research 3(2) 18-23

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study indicated that growth and other phonological parameters activities of rice seedling of seven selected rice cultivars were influenced markedly due to low-temperature stress. Based on the various parameters studied, it can be concluded that the performance of V7 (Hybrid SL-8) and among the HYV cultivars, the performance of V7 (Hybrid SL-8) was better during the experimental period with a low environmental temperature of below 15^oC.

Knowledge Management: Journal