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Suitable Diet for Walking Cat Fish (clarias Batrachus Linn. 1758) in Earthen Ponds

Angkur Mohammad Imteazzaman*
The WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Shipon Das
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M Mojibar Rahman
The WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Alok Kumar Paul
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Khaleque
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

A.M. Farhaduzzaman
Assistant Manager (Program),
Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A 90 days’ study have been carried out from 1st August to 30th October to determine the suitable diet for walking cat fish (Clarias batrachus Linn) culture in nine earthen ponds situated at the hatchery complex, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design having three treatments namely T1, T2, T3, with three replications. Three different low cost diet viz. T1-diet 1 (30% protein level), T2-diet 2 (27% protein level) and T3-diet 3 (24% protein level). Feeds were formulated using poultry viscera and rice polish for diet 1, only commercial pellet feed for diet 2 and mustard oil cake and rice polish for diet 3. The stocking density was 49400 individuals/ha. The feeding rate was 5% for total culture period. The SGR and FCR value were 0.92±0.21 and 2.02 in T1, 0.83±0.10 and 3.62 in T2 and 0.70±0.025 and 4.14, respectively in T3. The values showed significantly (P>0.05) different among the treatments. The production C. batrachus ranged obtained 3389.4±240.23, 3132.9±387.48 and 2595.2±456.45 kg/ha/90days in T1 T3 and T3, and diet 1 resulted significantly (P<0.05) highest production. A simple economic analysis showed that treatment T1 generated the maximum net profit of Tk. 713542 /ha/90 days. Water quality parameters such as temperature (0C), transparency (cm), pH, dissolved oxygen (mg l-1 ) and NH3-N (mg l-1 ) were monitored fortnightly. Mean values of the water quality parameters showed no significant differences (P>0.05) among the treatments in two trials except NH3-N in trial one. Present findings indicated that the production and net profit was significantly higher with treatment T1 (diet 1; 30 % protein level).

Keywords: Clarias batrachus, Magur, Pond, Aquaculture

Location: Hatchery complex, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish, Feed

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to develop a sustainable model for indigenous cat fish in aquaculture system.

Methodology:

Experimental ponds: The experiment was performed in nine earthen ponds of 45-48m² in the hatchery complex, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi. The ponds were similar in shape, depth, basin configuration including water supply facilities. The water depth was maintained around 1.2-1.5 m. To maintain the water level and to keep the good water quality, water added to the ponds at regular intervals using pump machine. Experimental design The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design having three treatments namely T1, T2, T3, with three replications. The stocking density were same in all treatments; 49,400 individuals/ ha-. The differences in treatments were in providing feed quality. Layout of the experiment: Treatments T1- Diet 1; 30% Protein level (Poultry viscera 60% + Rice polish 40%) T2- Diet 2; 27% Protein level (commercial pellet feed; grower grade) T3- Diet 3; 24%Protein level (Mustard oil cake 78%+ Rice polish 22%) Pond preparation For controlling undesirable species and aquatic weeds, all undesirable fish were completely eradicated by applying rotenone at a rate of 2.5 g m-3. Aquatic weeds were removed manually. The grasses of the pond dikes were also cut into small size by using scythe. Lime (Calcium carbonate) was applied at the rate of 300 kg ha-1 after one week of rotenone application. Lime was liquefied into an aluminum bucket and then applied by spreading homogenously in the ponds. Ponds were fertilized with urea and triple super phosphate (TSP) each at a rate of 25 kg ha-1 and cowdung at a rate of 1000 kg ha-1 after three days of liming. TSP was applied after dissolving in plastic buckets for 10 to 12 hours before application. Fertilizers were applied by spreading methods. Collection of fishes The fingerlings C. batrachus were collected from a private hatchery of the Madhupur Upazila of Tangail district. The average weights of the fingerlings were 30.6±3.55g fingerlings were brought to the experimental site through plastic barrels with proper aeration. Post stocking management Feeding of fishes The fishes were fed with different protein content feeds. The feeds were also applied daily at a rate of 5% body weight for total culture period. Feed requirement were calculated and adjusted after sampling of fishes once in a month. The proximate composition of feed ingredients and experimental diets was analyzed according to the methods given in Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC, 1980).

Fertilization Urea and triple super phosphate (TSP) each were applied to the ponds at the rate of 6.25 kg ha-1 and cowdung 125 kg ha-1 at 7 days intervals throughout the cultured period besides this, sack of poultry manure containing 50 kg were floating in each pond. Growth sampling of fish Fishes were sampled fortnightly using seine net to assess their growth and health condition. At least 10 fish from each pond were taken to make assessment of growth trends and to readjust feeding rate. Length and weight of sampled fish were measured immediately after collection. Fish harvesting Harvesting was done in the month of October after completed the study by drying of pond. Physical and chemical analysis of water A number of water quality parameter such as temperature (⁰C), transparency (cm), pH, dissolve oxygen (mg l-1 ) alkalinity, ammonia-nitrogen (mg l1 ), were measured fortnightly at 9:00-10:00 am at the pond site to assess the physico-chemical condition of the pond. pH of pond water was measured by a direct reading pH meter (HACH) at the pond site. The dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity and ammonia-nitrogen of water were measured by using a HACH Kit (DR/2010 model, HACH, Loveland, CO, USA, a direct reading spectrophotometer) at the pond site. Plankton enumeration Plankton samples were collected monthly from each pond. A bucket contained two liters of water was used to collect 10 liters of water from five different places and depth of the pond and passed through fine mesh (55 µm) plankton net. The concentrated samples were transferred to a measuring cylinder and carefully made up to a standard volume of 50 ml with distilled water. Then the collected plankton samples were preserved in 10% buffered formalin in small plastic bottles each for subsequent studies. From each 50 ml preserved sample, 1 ml subsample was examined using an S-R cell (SedgeWick-Rafter cell S50, Microlitre) and a binocular microscope (Olympus, M-4000D, Japan) with phase contrast facilities. Identification of plankton to the genus level was carried out using the Keys from Prescott (1962) and Belinger (1992). For each pond, mean number of plankton was recorded and expressed numerically per liter of water. The quantitative estimation of plankton was done using the following method of Stirling (1985). Statistical analysis For the statistical analysis of data collected, oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, evaluation version-15.0). Significance was assigned at the 0.05% level. Economics analysis A simple economic analysis was done to estimate the economic return in each treatment. The total cost of inputs was calculated and the economic return was determined by the differences between the total return (from the current market prices) and the total input cost. The cost in taka per unit yield (CPY) was calculated and was expressed as the cost in Tk/kg of fishes produced.

Source of Information: International Journal of Applied Research 3(2) 56-62

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The application of low-cost on farm fish feed have much potential for reducing feed cost without affecting growth rate and yield. Considering, the growth performance, FCR value, overall production and net profit, the best result was obtained from T1 with Diet-1. Thus diet 1 containing poultry viscera 60% and rice polish 40% may be recommended as a suitable diet for culture of C. batrachus.

Knowledge Management: Journal