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Rescue of Amritsagar Banana from Extinction Through Biotechnological Approaches (2017--2018)

S. Islam
Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

D. Khanam
Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M.R. Kabir
Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. A. Amin
Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M.A.Y. Akhond
Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Amritsagar banana was collected from different locations of the country such as Mymensingh, Gazipur, Norshingdi, Sylhet etc. and mother orchard has been established in the research field of Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur. Amritsagar banana collected from Gafargaon and Kapashia were compared with each other by following the standard descriptor for banana (Musa spp.). This comparison demonstrates that Amritsagar banana (Kapashia) is more superior to Amritsagar banana (Gafargaon) in respect of fruit length, diameter, weight and total fruit number, bunch weight. Shoot tips of Amritsagar banana (Gafargaon & Kapashia) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP. Five treatments were tested for this study. Among the treatments, maximum no. of shoots was observed in 5 mg/l BAP concentration in Gafargaon (7 shoots) and Kapashia (6.1 shoots). Well-developed shoots were transferred into ½ MS medium supplemented with different conc. of IBA for root induction. Maximum numbers of longest roots were observed in both lines in 0.5 mg/l IBA concentration_. The plantlets were transferred into the polybag containing soil and cowdung.

Keywords: sucker, Banana, Tissue culture, Photoperiod

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Banana

Objectives:

Large-scale propagation through tissue culture may help to re-establish its commercial cultivation in the country. Other advanced methods could also be applied in the future for protecting this variety from extinction.

Methodology:

Banana variety Amritsagar was collected from growing at different locations of Bangladesh. Among them, Amritsagar banana collected from Gafargaon and Kapashia were selected for taking morphological data and for in vitro propagation preliminary according to its performance. In this experiment Descriptor for Banana (Musa spp.) recommended by the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP), International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) and Centre for International Cooperation in Agronomic Research for Development (CIRAD) was used to describe the morphological features of different Banana varieties and to make a comparison between them. In this experiment, a Small sucker of Amritsagar banana was carefully removed from banana plants showing no virus symptoms. The explants were prepared by removing the outer layers of tissue from suckers with a clean and sharp knife. The pale white tissue blocks (10×15 mm) containing shoot tip and rhizomatous bases were surface sterilized with Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG for 5 min. to remove the fungal contamination. Then shoot tips were washed with Trix and detergent for 10 min. After the shoot tips were sterilized with few drops of Tween 20 in addition to 40% Sodium Hypoclorite>5.25% (clorox) aqueous solution for 15 min. followed by five times washing with sterile distilled water. The dead tissue of the sterilized block was cut off to leave a 5 × 8 mm portion containing an intact apex and one or more pairs of leaf primordia together with 3-4 mm of rhizomatous bases. The prepared explants were placed on MS medium supplemented with five conc. of BAP. All cultures were incubated at 25 ± 10⁰C with a 16 h photoperiod (2000 lux) provided by cool white fluorescent tubes. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.8. The regenerated shoots were cultured in a rooting medium containing half MS supplemented with different conc. of IBA for root induction. After root initiation, the plantlets were transferred into poly bags containing soil and cowdung (1:1) and kept in the net house.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2017-2018, Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Effect of different conc. of BAP for shoot multiplication and elongation: Shoot tips of Amritsagar Banana (Gafargaon and Kapashia) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with five different conc. of BAP with control. In the case of Amritsagor Banana (Gafargaon), maximum no. of shoots were observed in T₃(7) and 2^nd highest was in T₂ (5.5) and the minimum was in T₁ (2). The longest shoots were observed in T₃treatment (4.1cm). In the case of Amritsagor Banana (Kapashia) maximum no of shoots were also observed in T₃ (6.1) and 2^nd highest was in T₂(4.9). The highest shoot length was found in T₃(3.9 cm). Control treatment did not produce any shoot in both lines. Effect of different conc. of IBA for root induction and elongation of Amritsagar Banana (Gafargaon): Well-developed elongated shoots were cultured on ½ strength MS medium supplemented with different conc. of IBA. Highest no. of elongated roots of Gafargaon line was observed in treatment T₃ (6.5and5.8 cm). A similar result was observed in T₃ (5.6 and 5.2 cm) in the case of Kapashia line. Minimum no. of roots (3.2, 2.7) and shortest roots (2.9 cm, 2.3cm) were recorded in T₁treatment in both lines. The plantlets thus developed were hardened and transferred into the soil.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings