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Surface Water Quality Status Around BARIsal City in Two Different Seasons

Anjuman Ara Rajonee
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Barisal, Barisal, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of wastewater on the river and inland water, and thus to provide an indication on the state of water quality. The water samples were collected in the year 2017 during both monsoon and winter seasons from different points of the Kirtonkhola river and inland water sources in consecutive days. A number of physicochemical water quality parameters including pH, EC, TDS, TSS, TS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, Nitrate, Phosphate, Sulphate, Chlorides, Carbonate, Bicarbonate and Calcium were measured and analyzed in laboratory. The mean value of such respective parameters in both seasons were compared with the water quality standards as set by the WHO. From the study it was found that the water quality is still suitable for both domestic use and drinking but only after treatment and the condition of non-flowing water is worse than flowing water.

Keywords: Surface water quality, Barisal City, Kirtonkhola River, Monsoon, Winter, Water Quality Parameters, WHO

Location: The Kirtonkhola River, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water quality, Surface water

Objectives:

To investigate the impact of waste water on the river and inland water, and thus to provide an indication on the state of water quality.

Methodology:

To evaluate the effects of seasonal variation on surface water quality, samples were collected in two different season’s one in monsoon season and another in winter season. In the experiment, samples were collected from inlands (non-flowing) as well as from river (flowing) named Kirtonkhola River running through the heart of the city. Non-flowing water samples were collected for 5 (five) consecutive days and flowing water samples were collected for 7 (seven) consecutive days in both season to get the best representation of the sources. In both cases, composite sampling has been done. One liter polypropylene bottles were used for water sample collection. Prior to sample collection, all bottles were washed with dilute acid followed by distilled water and were dried in an oven. At each sampling location, water samples were collected for chemical analysis in two such bottles. Before taking final water samples, the bottles were rinsed three times with the water to be collected. All samples were collected from a depth of 1m from the surface. The sample bottles were immediately labeled with date and sampling location followed by the sampling procedure as in Imamul Huq and Didar (2005). The parameters pH, EC and DO were determined in the field immediately after sampling by using multimeter by HACH (HQ 30d). Then the samples were carried to the Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Barisal for further laboratory analysis. All analysis were done using standard procedures (Jackson, 1973; Huq and Alam, 2005). Nitrate nitrogen (NO₃ ^- ) was measured in Kjeldahl method. Chloride (Cl- ), Calcium (Ca₂⁺), carbonate (CO₃ ^- ), bi carbonate (HCO₃^- ) were measured using the titrimetric method; Total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, sulphate (SO₄ ^₂-) and phosphate (PO₄^₂-) were measured in spectrophotometer by HACH (Model: DR 2700). The graphical representations with data analyses as well as statistical analyses were done in Microsoft Office Excel 2007.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Soil Sci. 40 (2): 1-14, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results from data analysis shows that, the flowing water quality is better than the non-flowing in both monsoon and dry season. The overall mean values (average of all the sampling stations) of parameters for the river Kirtonkhola as well as inlands that is non-flowing water indicates that pH, DO, TDS, TS, BOD, sulphate, chloride and calcium are in acceptable level whereas EC, TSS, Turbidity, nitrate and phosphate are much higher than permissible amount. However, in order to have more certain answers on the assessment of the water quality more sampling should be done from more locations and depths as well and test results of the samples should be verified with different laboratories, while maintaining the same approach of analysis. This study indicates that the surface water of the river and inlands is being polluted from its surrounding point and non-point sources which may be discharged from industries, sewage and municipal wastewater. Government need to take proper steps to control the effluent discharge to the river as well as to the nonflowing water sources to maintain the suitability of water for daily different use.

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