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Isolation and Identification of Cryptosporidium from Fecal Sample of Calves in Mymensingh and Kurigram District

Mir Muhoshin Masud Rana
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Saiful Hasan
Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Khanpura, Babugonj, Barisal-8210, Bangladesh

Mohummad Muklesur Rahman
Veterinary Surgeon, District Veterinary Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Md. Ashraf Ali
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Jhenidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenidah, Bangladesh

Sharifuzzaman
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Shahiduzzaman
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Cryptosporidiosis, a neglected parasitic disease, presents a serious threat to human health due to the ubiquitous distribution of Cryptosporidium species affecting humans and animals, and due to the resistance of the oocysts to harsh environmental conditions, various disinfectants, and some common therapeutic agents. Feces is a great reservoir for contamination and a potential medium of transmission of the pathogen. Here, study was aimed to isolate and identify Cryptosporidium from fecal samples in Bangladesh. Calves feces samples were collected from Mymensingh and Kurigram district of Bangladesh. In Mymensingh district samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University campus area, Churkhai and Sutiakhali area. In Kurigram district samples were collected from Chilmari, Ulipur & Dahobandh area. Cryptosporidium was detected by the conventional Ziehl Neelsen staining method. By microscopy, Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected. The results indicate the existence or prevalence of Cryptosporidium in the study areas. In Mymensingh district, Cryptosporidium was found in 25% samples of which 30% calf were at the age of 1 to 15 days and 40% were at the age of 15 to 30 days & 0% at the age of 30 to 180 days. Cryptosporidium was positive in 33% fecal samples collected from Kurigram distric of which 33% fecal from the age of 1 to 15 days and 40% were at the age of 15 to 30 days & 30% at the age of 30 to 180 days calf. However, further studies are need to explore the present status of prevalence of Cryptosporidium in humans and animals in order to better understanding the transmission dynamics of the parasite and thereafter taking necessary measure to control and/or prevent the disease.

Keywords: Cryptosporidium, Faeces, Calves, Bangladesh

Location: Calves in Mymensingh and Kurigram district

Start Date: 00-01-2015

End Date: 00-05-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Calves

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to determine Cryptosporidium infection in calves in Kurigram and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Study area and period Calve feces were collected from Mymensingh and Kurigram districts of Bangladesh. In Mymensingh district, samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University campus area, Churkhai and Sutiakhali area. In Kurigram district, samples were collected from Chilmari, Ulipur & Dahobandh area. The fecal samples were initially processed at the collection sites and, then brought to the laboratory at the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The study was conducted during the period of January 2015 to May 2015.

Sample collection and processing A total of 50 samples from calves were collected from Mymensingh and Kurigram districts. Of them, 20 samples were collected from Mymensingh district and 30 samples were collected from Kurigram. The fresh faecal samples were collected in a plastic container with a detailed history about age group, breed and sex and then labeled with particulars of an individual animal on the container. Each sample was studied macroscopically to establish its consistency as liquid, soft or solid, and the presence of mucus or blood was noted. In laboratory the suspected sample was mixed with tap water with sufficient volume and passed through a mesh sieve (40mm mesh sieve) to remove course particle. The samples were then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 10 min for 2 times with distilled water for washing. The sample was then concentrated by flotation techniques using saturated salts solution. A drop of concentrate was smeared on slide and stained with modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique and examined under microscope. The positive samples were washed with distilled water and stored at 4°C.

Microscopic examination Air dried slides were examined under light microscopy at ×40 and ×100 magnifications. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium were found as pink colored round and spherical body as it takes carbol fuchin stain. The back ground of the slide takes blue color of methylene blue.

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Collectively, the results confirm the presence of Cryptosporidium in calves in the study areas. However further studies are needed to explore the present status of the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in humans in order to better understanding the transmission dynamics of the parasite and thereafter, taking necessary measures to control and prevent Cryptosporidium in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal