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The Growth Performance and Lipid Profile of Broilers Fed Diet with or Without Antibiotic and Green Tea (camellia Sinensis) Extract

Md Golum Sorower
Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Sabbir Hossen Sabuz
Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.

Md. Nurul Amin
Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.

Ummay Salma
Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment was conducted to determine the optimum level of green tea extract (GTE) in diets without antibiotics and to evaluate its effect on broiler performances. A total of 100 Cob broiler chicks were kept for a period of 5 weeks. Dietary treatments used in this experiment were antibiotic-free group (basal diet as a control), GTE 0.5% (basal + GTE 0.5%), GTE 1% (basal + GTE 1%) and GTE 2% (basal + GTE 2%) and antibiotic added group (basal + 0.05% oxytetracycline). GTE supplemented group showed significantly higher body weight and better feed conversion ratio (FCR) than other treatments (P < 0.05) where highest live weight (2034 g/bird) was recorded in broilers group provided with 0.5% GTE. The best FCR (1.58) was observed in the group supplemented with 0.5% GTE. The obtained results also revealed a significant (P < 0.05) difference among treatments in the lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride except LDL). Broilers treated with 0.5% GTE showed lowest total cholesterol (115.0 mg/dl), triglyceride (116.3 mg/dl) and highest HDL (30.75 mg/dl). In conclusion, GTE can be added in the diet @ 0.5% for better growth performances of broiler as an alternative to antibiotic without any negative effect on lipid profile.

Keywords: Green tea extract, Antibiotics, Broiler, Performances, Lipid profile

Location: Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Broiler

Objectives:

To determine the optimum level of green tea extract (GTE) in diets without antibiotics and to evaluate its effect on broiler performances.

Methodology:

Experimental products: The GTE used in this study was processed manually. Green tea leaves were cleaned and sun-dried after collection. The leaves were grounded properly by a grinder machine. GTE was collected after mixing dried green tea powder with distilled water that was sonicated for 3 hours, filtered and finally extracted following the methods developed by Samuel et al., (2009). Experimental birds and husbandry: A total of 100-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 5 treatments containing 4 replicates of 5 chicks each maintained in a gable type open-sided house. The treatments consisted of a control, diet supplemented with three levels (0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%) of GTE and antibiotic (0.05% Oxytetracycline) that was denoted as T₀, T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄ respectively. The extract was sprayed onto a small quantity of the feed and mixed thoroughly. The remaining feed was then added gradually and mixed to ensure a uniform distribution of the extract. All diets were formulated to meet the NRC (1994) requirements of broilers. The birds were reared on two growth phases namely, starter and finisher periods. The temperature of the house was adapted to the stage of growth. The lighting regime was 23 h from day 1 to day 7 and 20 h from day 8 to the end of the experiment. Feed and water were provided ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. Growth performance parameters: Experimental birds were weighed initially and weekly basis for all birds from each replication for determination of initial live weight (ILW) and final live weight (FLW). Feed intake was calculated as the total feed consumed in each replication divided by the number of birds. Feed efficiency (FE) was calculated as the amount of feed consumed per unit of weight gain. Birds were checked for mortality once daily to estimate the livability percentage. Serum lipid profile: From each treatment, birds were randomly selected for blood sampling at 35 d of age. Blood samples were collected from the wing vein into test tubes without anticoagulant, kept in the refrigerator overnight, then centrifuged to separate serum. The collected serum samples were stored at -20°C for further analysis. Triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined according to the methods of Bucolo and David (1973), Zak et al., (1954) and Naito (1984) respectively. Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) was calculated via dividing triglyceride levels by 5 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated as the difference between total cholesterol and the combined concentrations of HDL-C and VLDL-C. Statistical analysis: The experimental design was a complete randomized design (CRD). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the effect of the different treatments. Mean testing (least significant difference) was performed to determine whether significant differences exist among treatments at P < 0.05. All data were expressed as mean ± SEM. SPSS (Version 20.00) was used for data analysis.

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(1): 157-163, April 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v8i1.53277

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

GTE supplementation may be suitable for growth performance as it improves the feed efficiency of broilers compared to antibiotic-added feed. Incorporation of GTE in the feed at 0.5% is favorable to the consumers because it assists to produce broilers with less fat and cholesterol deposition without antibiotic addition. Furthermore, growth performance parameters were not adversely affected. GTE may be an efficient alternative to AGP.

Knowledge Management: Journal