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Integration of Postharvest Technologies and Best Practices in the Value Chains of Fruits and Vegetables (2019-20)

M N Amin
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M A Gulandaz
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Good post-harvest handling practice is important in maintaining the quality and assuring the safety of the banana fruit as it moves through the supply chain from producer to consumer. The study was conducted at Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur and Shibpur, Charghat, Rajshahi district during 2019-2020. The variety of Rangin Sagar banana and packaging of carton of 20 kg, plastic crate of 15 kg and wooden box of 20 were used for conducting the experiment. Firmness, brix, angularity and hue angle of harvested matured banana were found to be 74.46-81.35 N, 3.4°, 45.75-52.67° and 117.12-119.99° respectively. Two hundred twenty bunches of banana from orchard at Shibpur, Charghat and 50 bunches of banana (local Rangin Sagar) from Banesshar assemble market under Rajshahi district were purchased on 28 October 2019. The banana hands were packed in wooden box, plastic crate, and CFB carton with wrapping of newspaper, cling paper and without wrapping. One hundred hands and same quantity of bunches were loaded in track. They were transported from Rajshahi to Gazipur on 28 October 2019. Traveling distance and traveling duration was recorded to be 220 km and 5 hours (3.00pm to 8.00 am). The inside temperature of packages loaded with hands and in the heap of bunches increased during the traveling period. Rate of ripening process of banana was accelerated during the traveling period. There was no significant difference among the treatments in respect hue angle, chroma and brightness. In respect packaging systems, the highest weight losses were found in without wrapping package (0.20%) whilst the lowest was in wrapping of cling paper (0.03%) for all packages. CFB carton showed the negligible weight loss. The highest bruising losses in market hands were found to be 59% due to surface rupture, injury, crack and damage. Market bunch and hands showed higher bruising than those of orchard. There was no significant difference between orchard bunch and market hands whilst had significant difference between orchard bunch and hands at 5% level. The better quality of orchard hand and bunch was observed. Market price of ripe banana was low due to bruising of banana. There was no bruising occurred in wrapping with newspaper and cling paper of all packages. There were little losses occurred in without wrapping packages those had significant difference. The banana traders would be benefited if they buy banana bunches from orchard, packing and loading in neighboring the orchard and using plastic crate for local market and CFB carton for supper market. Economic analysis will be incorporated in the next year.

Keywords: Postharvest tchnology, Vaue chain fruits, Banana

Location: FMPE Division, BARI, Gazipur and Shibpur, Charghat under Rajshahi district

Start Date: 00-00-2019

End Date: 00-00-2020

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Postharvest technology, Banana

Objectives:

The study was undertaken for determination of quality and quantity losses of banana for long distance transportation and development of a suitable packages.

Methodology:

Variety of Rangin Sagar banana cultivated new sucker own land that is called Lichi (first cut) in Shibpur, Charghat, Rajshahi district. The latitute and longitute were found to be 24°36´06? and 88°74´79? respectively. Banana were harvested within 13 months after planting. The maturity parameters of banana such as firmness (74.46-81.35 N), °Brix (3.4), angularity (45.75-52.67°), colour parameters (L*, h°, C* as 47.12-52.82, 117.12-119.99, 27.88 respectively) were recorded. Two hundred twenty bunches from orchard at Shibpur, Chargha and 50 bunches of banana (local Rangin Sagar) from Banesshar assemble market under Rajshahi district were purchased on 28 October 2019. Hands of bunches were separated by BARI developed dehandling tool from 150 bunches of banana for removing the latex from the crown of hands and later packaging and loaded them in track in heap. Hands were cleaned, sorted (over and under size, crack, spot) and graded (chosen of 2, 3,4,5,7 hands from each bunch out of 7-9 hands). Carton of 20 kg, plastic crate of 15 kg and wooden box of 20 were used for packaging the banana hands. They were packed in all packages with wrapping of news print paper, cling paper and without wrapping. One hundred hands and same quantity of bunches were heaped in track. They were transported from Rajshahi to Gazipur on 28 October 2019. Traveling distance and traveling duration was recorded to be 220 km and 5 hours (3.00pm to 8.00 am). Weight, colour, firmness, °Brix, temperature, relative humidity, oxygen, carbondyoxide in package and banana heaps, decay, fruits damage due to loading, unloading and transportation, shelf-life and condensation of packages and all cost estimation were recorded. Peel colour measurement: The peel colour was measured using a chroma meter. An 8 mm diameter measuring head mounted on the meter was calibrated each time with a standard white plate. Colour measurements were recorded using Hunter L*, a* and b* scale (Hunter, 1975; Francis, 1980). The "L*" coordinate is a measure of lightness (white-black and ranges from no reflection L=0 to perfect diffuse reflection *L=100), the "a*" scale ranges from negative values for green to positive values for red and the "b*" scale ranges from negative values for blue to positive values for yellow. The L*, a* and b* values were converted to hue value and chroma (McGuire, 1992). The C* represented the vividness of colours with values ranging from 0=least intense to 60 =most intense. The h° is actual or perceived colour that used to classify the kind of colour, which vary continuously from 0° to 360 °. A h° of 0 ° corresponded to h° of 270. Firmness of banana: Banana firmness was measured using digital firmness tester equipped with an 8 mm diameter cylindrical stainless probes. Tester was checked each day before use. The plunger was made to work in and out (about ten times) to ensure that it was running smoothly. Firmness was expressed in Newton (N). Three readings were taken at three places on the surface of each fruit and the mean value was calculated.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2019-2010, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The variety of Rangin Sagar banana and packaging of plastic crate, wooden box and CFB carton was used for conducting the study. Ripening process of banana was accelerated during the traveling period. In respect packaging systems, the highest and the lowest weight losses were found in without wrapping package (0.20%) and in wrapping of cling paper (0.03%) for all packages. CFB carton showed the negligible weight loss. The highest bruising losses of market hands were found to be 59% due to surface rupture, injury, crack and damage. Market bunch and hands showed higher bruising than those of orchard. The better quality of orchard hand and bunch was observed during transportation. Market price of bruised ripe banana was low. There was no significant difference of hue angle within traveling duration. There was no bruising occurred in wrapping with news print paper and cling paper of all packages. There were little bruising losses occurred in without wrapping packages those had significant difference. The banana traders would be benefited if they buy banana bunches from orchard, packing and loading in neighboring the orchard and using plastic crate for local market and CFB carton for supper market. Economic analysis will be incorporated in the next year.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings