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Comparative Study on Some Morphological Features of Six Selected and One Standard Clones of Bangladesh Tea [camellia Sinensis (l) O. Kuntze]

M Abdul Aziz
Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal 3210, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh

Bulbul Ahmed
Plant Breeding and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Mohammad Anowar Razvy
Plant Breeding and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

M Rezaul Karim
Plant Breeding and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Rafiul Islam
Plant Breeding and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

S Kamal Lanchue Haque
Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal 3210, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh

Monzur Hossain
Plant Breeding and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An attempt was made to study several parametric characteristics of stems and leaves of six selected and one standard clones of Bangladesh tea in order to identify and select superior clone in tea. Out of ten morphological characters, two characters of stem (stem circumference and height of the first branching position), five characters of 5th leaf (leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf length/breadth ration, leaf size and leaf angle in degree) and three characters of pluckable shoots (internodal length, shoot density and yield of green leaf as well as made tea per hector) were considered qualitatively and quantitatively following IPGRI’s guidelines with some minor adjustment and analyzed statistically. It was noticed that all clones were significantly different in respect of stem circumference, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf length/breadth ratio, leaf size, leaf angle, internodal length of fish leaf to mother leaf, shoot density and yield. Considering different morphological and yield character MZ/39 was found most suitable followed by B₂ × T₁ and SDL/₁ for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Morphology, Tea, Germplasm, Clone.

Location: Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal 3210, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tea

Objectives:

To study the variations in morphological characteristics of leaves and bushes of six selected clones against one standard clone BT₂.

Methodology:

Plant materials- Six test clones coded as MZ/₃₉, E/₄, D/₁₃, B₂×T₁, BR2/₉₇, SDL/_1, and one standard clone BT₂ were included in this study. The morphological description of the test clones and the standard clone used as control are given below: BT₂ (Control): Orthotropic, not densely branched, comparatively loose frame, but effective branches, very well and uniform flushing behavior, moderately floriferous. Leaf texture fairly thick and soft, semi-dark green. Apex less pointed, lamina considerably equal width in mid-region, serration uniform and semi-erect and Assam-China hybrid type. MZ/₃₉: Ortho-plagotropic, compact bush, densely branched with heavy girth and floriferous. Patina is quite glossy, leaves are semi-dark green, medium in size, the texture is the fairly thick and hard, prominent long apex, serration uniform, leaf blade is slightly wavy and leaf pose is semi-erect and moderately embossed. E/₄: Plagiotropic, loose frame, not very compact but having effective plucking points and poorly floriferous. Leaves are medium in size, light green, quite glossy, leaf texture thin and soft, semi-erect leaf pose, apex is less prominent, long lamina, slightly boat shape, serration uniform and venation is less prominent. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications having 120 cm × 60 cm in the field of BTRI experimental farm. There were thirty plants per plot. Following quantitative and qualitative characters were investigated from the currently harvested tea trees following IPGRI's guideline (IPGRI, 1997) with some minor adjustments. Stem circumference- The stem circumference was measured in cm at 10 cm above ground level. Height of the first branching position- The height of the first branching position was measured in cm from ground level to the first branching position. The characteristics of the 5^th leaf- The 5^th leaves counted from the bud were exploited by the following characteristics: The leaf length (cm)- The leaf length was measured in a metric scale from the leaf base to the tip. The leaf breadth (cm)- The leaf breadth was measured at the widest position of the lamina in cm. The leaf length/breadth ratio- The leaf length/breadth ratio was measured by calculating from the data of the leaf length and breadth. The leaf size (cm² )- The leaf size was calculated by multiplying leaf length and breadth. The leaf angle (degrees)- The angle formed between the branches and the lamina and it was measured in degree. The length of internodes- Internodal length was measured in the well-developed shoots which were about to be plucked. Shoot components were designated from maintenance foliage to scale leaf (MF>rd leaf (ML><3L) as fourth-order, 3^rd leaf to 2^nd leaf (3L><2L) as fifth-order, 2^nd leaf to 1^st leaf (2L><1L) as sixth order and 1^st leaf to bud (1L>Shoot density- Numbers of pluckable shoots of each bush were counted by 60cm × 60cm quadrate method. Data was taken two months interval from April to November. Yield of green leaf (gm/plant) and made tea production (kg/ha)- Pluckable shoots were picked upon weekly basis during the cropping season. Yield data were recorded for each year and also over the years starting from the first year after planting the plants in the trial plot. The yield was expressed as mean yield of green leaf gm per plant and presented separately for immature (1^st-5^th) and mature (6^th-7^th year) stage. The made tea per hectare was also calculated on the basis of 23% recovery from green leaf and 13,888 plants per hectare at 120 cm × 60 cm spacing. Statistical analysis- The data of all morphological and yield characters were compiled and analyzed statistically following statistical techniques (Gomez & Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: International Journal of Biosciences; Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 100-108, 2011; ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Seven tea genotypes were studied considering ten quantative characters as parameters in this study. The results obtained in this study reveal the presence of widespread and significant variation among the genotypes in respect of these characters. Among all the test clones MZ/₃₉ followed by B₂×T₁ and SDL/₁ showed the best performance in respect of all characters and these particular three cultivars may be selected as new clones in future. The information generated from this study can be used to broadly sort out the tea germplasm to facilitate its utilization in future breeding programme.

Knowledge Management: Journal