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Advances in Jute and Allied Fibres Post-harvest Processing Technologies in Bangladesh: Adoption Constraints, Prospect and Future Thrust

*Md. Mahbubul Islam
Chief Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manikmia Avenue, Dhaka-1207.

Md. Mujibur Rahman
Chief Scientific Officer
Fiber Quality Improvement Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manikmia Avenue, Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Retting is a biological process by which the bast fibres are extracted by decomposing the plants by the combined action of water and aquatic microorganisms, mostly bacteria. In Bangladesh two kinds of Jute (namely; White Jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) and Tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) are mainly grown for commercial purposes. Harvested Jute plants are made into bundles weighing about 10 kg each and then steeped under water of ponds, ditches, canals, lakes, rivers etc. as available in layers for retting. Water-hyacinth, water weeds, stems of banana plants, mango logs, earth chunks, bamboo etc. are used for submerging the rets under water. In about 15-20 days, the retting is completed and then fibres are extracted manually, washed and dried for sale. Since retting is the most important and predominant of all the factors influencing the fibre quality, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute has evolved many location specific improved Jute retting technologies. Since jute retting is a microbiological process, in the past researches more attention was given in its microbiological aspects. The microbial mechanism of retting and the microbes of the retting water of different places were studied in respect of their morphological and physiological characters and retting capabilities. Attempts were made to utilize the promising microorganims in the practical field for reducing retting period and improvement of fibre quality, but only limited success was achieved. It is being observed that evolved location specific Jute retting technologies are being disseminated and demonstrated to the Jute growers with the limited resources and facilities. There is a great economic significance of fibre quality. In fact in the context of present situation in which a severe competition between Jute and synthetic fibres is going on in respect of fineness, strength and price, the future of Jute fibre is very greatly depending on its quality. Jute will never be able to win this competition unless its quality is greatly improved and ensured the grade-wise price for the farmers.

Keywords: Jute, Post harvest processing, Microbiological and physical, Fibre quality.

Location: Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manikmia Avenue, Dhaka-1207.

Start Date: 00-05-2011

End Date: 00-12-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

The different researches so far done are aimed at the major objectives concerned with: 1) Chemical composition of Jute plants, 2) Chemical and microbial composition of retting water, 3) Mechanisms of retting, 4) Retting microorganisms and their use in retting practices, 5) Acceleration of retting speed, 6) Reduction of fibre cuttings, 7) Improvement of fibre strength, 8) Improvement of fibre colour, Lustre and texture 9) Retting methods for water scarce areas, 10) Jute ribbon retting, 11) Retting of seed plants, 12) Production of Bio-gas from jute retting effluent, 13) Effect of jute retting on fish farming, 14) Relationship between lignin and pectin content with plant maturity and fibre quality of jute, 15) Comparative retting properties and fibre quality of Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius jute, Hibiscus cannabinus (Kenaf) and Hibiscus sabdariffa (Mesta), 16) Provision of retting water facilities, 17) Retting technique in rice field and finally 18) Up-gradation of Special MoraRejection SMR and low grade barky jute fibre through the application of fungi Ahmed, 1963; (Islam, 2010).

Methodology:

The study was based on secondary data. Data were collected during May to December, 2011. The secondary data were accumulated from different records of BBS, BJRI, IJSG (IJO) etc. Post harvest processing specially retting related data (Chemical composition of jute plants, chemical and microbial composition of retting water, mechanism of retting, microorganisms and their use in jute retting practices, acceleration of retting speed, reduction of fibre cuttings, improvement of fibre strength, improvement of fibre colour, lustre, and texture, retting methods for water scarce areas, ribbon retting, retting of jute seed plants, fertilizer value (NPK-content) of retting effluent, production of biogas from jute retting effluent, jute retting on fish farming, retting technique in rice field etc.) were selected for its being large concentration point of relation with jute and allied fibre quality improvement of Bangladesh. Different microorganism, likely aerobic, anaerobic or microaerophillic bacteria involved in jute retting; fungal inoculum on retting of green jute ribbons; retting period on fibre yield and quality; comparative data of traditional methods of retting and ribbon retting; data of retting factors of jute etc were collected from different sources like BJRI annual reports, IJSG reports and different journals.

Source of Information: Research WebPub Vol. 1(2), pp. 20-30, September 2013

Article Link (Online Journal): Available online at http://www.researchwebpub.org/wjsr

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There is a great economic significance of fibre quality. In fact, in the context of the present situation in which severe competition between Jute and synthetic fibres is going on in respect of fineness, strength and price, the future of Jute fibre is vary greatly depending on its quality. Jute will never be able to win this competition unless its quality is greatly improved and ensured the grade-wise price for the farmers.

Knowledge Management: Journal